HESI RN
HESI Fundamentals Quizlet
1. The health care provider has changed a client's prescription from the PO to the IV route of administration. The nurse should anticipate which change in the pharmacokinetic properties of the medication?
- A. The client will experience increased tolerance to the drug's effects and may need a higher dose.
- B. The onset of action of the drug will occur more rapidly, resulting in a more rapid effect.
- C. The medication will be more highly protein-bound, increasing the duration of action.
- D. The therapeutic index will be increased, placing the client at greater risk for toxicity.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a medication is administered via the IV route, the absorptive process is bypassed, leading to a more rapid onset of action. This results in a faster effect of the drug. Choice A is incorrect because changing the route of administration does not necessarily lead to increased tolerance or the need for a higher dose. Choice C is incorrect as changing the route of administration does not directly affect the protein binding of a medication. Choice D is incorrect because increasing the therapeutic index would actually reduce the risk of toxicity, not increase it.
2. During a well-baby check, the nurse hides a block under the baby's blanket, and the baby looks for the block. Which normal growth and development milestone is the baby developing?
- A. Separation anxiety.
- B. Associative play.
- C. Object prehension.
- D. Object permanence.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When a baby looks for a hidden object, it demonstrates the development of object permanence. This milestone is significant as it signifies the baby's understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible. It is a crucial aspect of cognitive development in infancy. Choice A, separation anxiety, refers to distress when separated from a primary caregiver and is not demonstrated in this scenario. Choice B, associative play, involves interactive play with others and is not relevant to object search. Choice C, object prehension, refers to the ability to grasp and hold objects, which is not specifically demonstrated by looking for a hidden object in this context.
3. A client with an electrical burn on the forearm asks the nurse why there is no feeling of pain from the burn. During the dressing change, the nurse determines that the burn is dry, waxy, and white. What information should the nurse provide this client?
- A. The depth of tissue destruction is minor
- B. Pain is interrupted due to nerve compression
- C. The full thickness burn has destroyed the nerves
- D. Second-degree burns are not usually painful
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'The full thickness burn has destroyed the nerves.' In full thickness burns, also known as third-degree burns, the nerve endings are destroyed, leading to a lack of pain sensation at the site of the burn. The description of the burn as dry, waxy, and white indicates a full thickness burn. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not explain the absence of pain in full thickness burns. Choice A is incorrect as a full-thickness burn involves significant tissue destruction. Choice B is incorrect because nerve compression would not explain the lack of pain in this context. Choice D is incorrect because second-degree burns, unlike full-thickness burns, are painful due to nerve endings being intact.
4. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer an enteral feeding via an established NG tube. Which option is not part of the sequence the healthcare professional should follow to initiate the feeding?
- A. Verify tube placement
- B. Check the residual feeding contents
- C. Administer the feeding
- D. Limit protein intake
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct sequence for initiating enteral feeding includes verifying tube placement to ensure safety, checking the residual feeding contents to prevent complications, and then administering the feeding. Limiting protein intake is not a step in the sequence for initiating enteral feeding. Protein intake may be adjusted based on the patient's specific nutritional needs, but it is not a part of the immediate sequence for initiating the feeding. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Options A, B, and C are essential steps to ensure the safe and effective administration of enteral feeding.
5. A healthcare professional is focusing on improving the ability to multitask without losing focus and to turn problems into opportunities. Which of the following leadership theories describes the professional's focus?
- A. Emotional intelligence
- B. Motivation theory
- C. Situational leadership theory
- D. Transformational leadership theory
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Motivation theory explains that individuals act based on what they want to achieve, focusing on goals and desires. In this scenario, the healthcare professional's emphasis on improving multitasking skills and problem-solving aligns with the essence of motivation theory. Emotional intelligence primarily pertains to understanding and managing emotions, not specifically related to multitasking and problem-solving. Situational leadership theory emphasizes adapting leadership styles based on the situation and followers, not directly related to individual focus improvement. Transformational leadership theory focuses on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve common goals rather than individual task management and problem-solving skills.