oligomenorrhea is defined as a cycle longer than

HESI RN

Reproductive Health Exam Questions And Answers

1. Oligomenorrhea is defined as a cycle longer than:

A. 28 days
B. 30 days
C. 35 days
D. 40 days

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Oligomenorrhea is defined as a menstrual cycle longer than 35 days. A cycle of 28 days (Choice A) is within the normal range, and not considered oligomenorrhea. Similarly, 30 days (Choice B) and 40 days (Choice D) are also within the normal range. The correct definition of oligomenorrhea specifically refers to cycles longer than 35 days, making Choice C the correct answer.

2. At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:

A. Prickling, tingling sensation.
B. Nipples become prominent and mobile.
C. Darkening of the nipple.
D. Breast start producing milk

Correct answer: D

Rationale: At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes typically include the onset of colostrum production, not just tenderness. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mammary glands during pregnancy. While some women may experience prickling or tingling sensations, prominent and mobile nipples, and darkening of the nipple, the key change during this time period is the production of colostrum. This substance is rich in antibodies and important for the newborn's initial nutrition. Therefore, the correct answer is not listed among the choices provided.

3. What is an organelle that helps the sperm to penetrate the ovum?

A. Acrosome
B. Zona pellucida
C. Megalis
D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Acrosome. The acrosome is an organelle located at the head of a sperm cell and contains enzymes that aid in the penetration of the ovum during fertilization. The Zona pellucida is a glycoprotein membrane surrounding the ovum, not an organelle. Megalis is not a relevant organelle in this context. Therefore, the correct choice is A, Acrosome.

4. A client 12 weeks pregnant comes to the emergency department with abdominal cramping and moderate vaginal bleeding. Speculum examination reveals 2 to 3 cm cervical dilation. The nurse would document these findings as which of the following?

A. Threatened abortion
B. Inevitable abortion
C. Complete abortion
D. Missed abortion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The nurse would document these findings as an inevitable abortion. Inevitable abortion is characterized by cervical dilation with or without rupture of membranes and is associated with moderate to heavy vaginal bleeding. 'Threatened abortion' (choice A) refers to vaginal bleeding with a closed cervical os and no tissue passage. 'Complete abortion' (choice C) involves the passage of all products of conception. 'Missed abortion' (choice D) is the retention of a failed intrauterine pregnancy for an extended period without symptoms.

5. Which of the following is the most effective method of contraception?

A. Barrier methods
B. Hormonal pills
C. Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
D. Sterilization

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sterilization is considered the most effective method of contraception because it permanently prevents pregnancy. Barrier methods, hormonal pills, and IUDs are highly effective as well, but they are reversible methods and may have a higher failure rate compared to sterilization.