Nursing Elites

1. Lactational Amenorrhoea Method (LAM) is best for:

• A. Clients who do not wish to have any more children
• B. Clients with a baby less than 6 months postpartum
• C. Clients who want to wait before having a first or another child
• D. Clients with several sexual partners

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clients with a baby less than 6 months postpartum. Lactational Amenorrhoea Method (LAM) is a highly effective temporary family planning method that is recommended for women who have recently given birth and are breastfeeding. LAM works best when the baby is less than 6 months old, the mother is exclusively breastfeeding, and her menstrual periods have not resumed. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because LAM is specifically designed for postpartum women with infants less than 6 months old, focusing on the lactational infertility that occurs during exclusive breastfeeding.

2. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics?

• A. Progesterone
• B. Testosterone
• C. Estrogen
• D. Oxytocin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Estrogen is primarily responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics. Progesterone, while important in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, is not primarily responsible for secondary sexual characteristics. Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone. Oxytocin is involved in labor, lactation, and social bonding, but not in the development of female secondary sexual characteristics.

3. Outlet of the true pelvis anteriorly bounded by:

• A. Ischiopubic arch (T)
• B. Linea terminalis (F)
• C. Coccyx (T)
• D. Promontory of the sacrum (F)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ischiopubic arch. The outlet of the true pelvis is indeed anteriorly bounded by the ischiopubic arch, which consists of the ischium and the pubic bones. This structure forms the lower boundary of the pelvic outlet. The other choices, B, C, and D, are incorrect. The linea terminalis (pelvic brim) forms the upper boundary of the true pelvis, the coccyx is part of the bony pelvis but does not bound the pelvic outlet anteriorly, and the promontory of the sacrum is located in the posterior part of the pelvis, not the anterior boundary of the pelvic outlet.

4. Amniocentesis, a prenatal diagnostic test used to determine fetal sex, genetic anomalies, and biochemical abnormalities, is based on:

• A. The karyotyping of the amniotic fluid
• B. Chorionic villus sampling
• C. Umbilical cord blood sampling
• D. Ultrasound

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Amniocentesis involves the analysis of the fetal cells present in the amniotic fluid, which is extracted from the amniotic sac surrounding the developing fetus. This fluid contains cells shed by the fetus, which can be cultured and analyzed to obtain a karyotype, providing information about the fetal sex, genetic anomalies, and biochemical abnormalities. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because chorionic villus sampling involves obtaining a sample of the chorionic villi from the placenta, not the amniotic fluid; umbilical cord blood sampling is typically used for other purposes like assessing the baby's blood for infections or genetic disorders; and ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging technique that does not involve the analysis of fetal cells for genetic information.

5. Which of the following are outcomes of an ectopic pregnancy EXCEPT?

• A. Tubal abortion
• B. Tubal rupture
• C. Intra-tubal bleeding
• D. Secondary abdominal pregnancy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus. Common outcomes include tubal abortion (spontaneous termination of ectopic pregnancy within the fallopian tube), tubal rupture (rupture of the fallopian tube leading to internal bleeding), and intra-tubal bleeding. Secondary abdominal pregnancy, on the other hand, is a rare occurrence and not a typical outcome of an ectopic pregnancy. It involves the implantation of a fertilized egg in the peritoneal cavity rather than the uterus.

Similar Questions