HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Quizlet
1. A healthcare provider has written a prescription for ranitidine (Zantac), once daily. When should the nurse schedule the medication?
- A. At bedtime
- B. After lunch
- C. With supper
- D. Before breakfast
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: At bedtime. Ranitidine should be scheduled at bedtime because it provides a prolonged effect and offers the greatest protection of the gastric mucosa. Administering it at this time helps in managing nocturnal acid breakthrough and providing relief during the night.
2. What instruction should be included in the client's teaching plan when prescribed montelukast (Singulair) for asthma?
- A. Take the medication as needed for asthma attacks.
- B. Take the medication in the evening.
- C. Increase fluid intake while taking this medication.
- D. Use the medication before exercise.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction to include in the teaching plan for a client prescribed montelukast (Singulair) is to take the medication in the evening. Montelukast is most effective when taken in the evening to provide optimal control of asthma symptoms. It is not intended for use as a rescue medication for asthma attacks. There is no specific recommendation to increase fluid intake or use the medication before exercise in relation to montelukast therapy.
3. A client is on nicotinic acid (niacin) for hyperlipidemia and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client would indicate an understanding of the instructions?
- A. It is not necessary to avoid the use of alcohol.
- B. The medication should be taken with meals to decrease flushing.
- C. Clay-colored stools are a common side effect and should not be of concern.
- D. Ibuprofen (Motrin) taken 30 minutes before the nicotinic acid should decrease the flushing.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug can be taken 30 minutes before taking the medication to decrease flushing. Alcohol consumption needs to be avoided because it will enhance this side effect. The medication should be taken with meals, this will decrease gastrointestinal upset. Taking the medication with meals has no effect on the flushing. Clay-colored stools are a sign of hepatic dysfunction and should be immediately reported to the health care provider (HCP).
4. Megestrol acetate (Megace), an antineoplastic medication, is prescribed for a client with metastatic endometrial carcinoma. The nurse reviews the client's history and contacts the registered nurse if which diagnosis is documented in the client's history?
- A. Gout
- B. Asthma
- C. Thrombophlebitis
- D. Myocardial infarction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Megestrol acetate can increase the risk of thromboembolic events. Clients with a history of thrombophlebitis should not receive this medication due to the increased risk of thromboembolic events. Therefore, the nurse should contact the registered nurse if thrombophlebitis is documented in the client's history to ensure appropriate medication management.
5. A client is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism and is to be treated with streptokinase (Streptase). A nurse would report which priority data collection finding to the registered nurse before initiating this therapy?
- A. Adventitious breath sounds
- B. Temperature of 99.4°F orally
- C. Blood pressure of 198/110 mm Hg
- D. Respiratory rate of 28 breaths/min
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Streptokinase therapy is contraindicated in severe uncontrolled hypertension due to the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. A blood pressure of 198/110 mm Hg indicates severe hypertension, which needs to be addressed before initiating streptokinase to prevent potential complications.
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