HESI RN
Pharmacology HESI
1. A client is receiving morphine sulfate subcutaneously for pain. Because morphine sulfate has been prescribed for this client, which nursing action would be included in the plan of care?
- A. Encourage fluid intake.
- B. Monitor the client's temperature.
- C. Maintain the client in a supine position.
- D. Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Morphine sulfate suppresses the cough reflex, which can lead to the retention of secretions in the lungs. Encouraging the client to cough and deep breathe helps prevent pneumonia by clearing the airways of any accumulated secretions. This intervention is crucial in clients receiving morphine sulfate to maintain optimal respiratory function.
2. The nurse is planning a community health fair to promote mental health awareness. Which activity is most likely to engage participants?
- A. a lecture on the signs and symptoms of depression
- B. a workshop on stress management techniques
- C. a panel discussion with mental health experts
- D. a booth distributing brochures on mental health resources
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A workshop on stress management techniques is the most engaging activity as it allows participants to actively participate, learn practical skills, and interact with others. This hands-on approach fosters engagement and provides attendees with tools they can directly apply in their lives. Choice A, a lecture, may be informative but lacks the interactive element that promotes engagement. Choice C, a panel discussion, might be informative but could be passive for attendees. Choice D, distributing brochures, is informative but lacks the interactive and engaging nature of a workshop.
3. A client has just returned to the nursing unit after computerized tomography (CT) with contrast medium. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take as part of routine after-care for this client?
- A. Administering a laxative
- B. Encouraging fluid intake
- C. Maintaining the client on strict bed rest
- D. Holding all medications for at least 2 hours
Correct answer: B
Rationale: After CT scanning with contrast medium, the client does not require special restrictions or interventions. Encouraging fluid intake is important to help flush out the contrast dye and prevent dehydration. Administering a laxative (Choice A) is unnecessary and not indicated after CT with contrast. Maintaining the client on strict bed rest (Choice C) is not necessary unless specified by the healthcare provider. Holding all medications for at least 2 hours (Choice D) is not a standard practice after CT with contrast.
4. The healthcare provider is providing preconception counseling. Which supplement should the provider recommend to help prevent the occurrence of anencephaly?
- A. Folic Acid.
- B. Calcium.
- C. Iron.
- D. Vitamin D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Folic acid supplementation before and during early pregnancy is crucial for reducing the risk of neural tube defects, including anencephaly. Anencephaly is a severe birth defect in which a baby is born without parts of the brain and skull. Folic acid plays a key role in neural tube development and can significantly lower the chances of such defects when taken prior to conception and in early pregnancy.
5. Rifabutin (Mycobutin) is prescribed for a client with active Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease and tuberculosis. The nurse monitors for which side effects of the medication? Select one that doesn't apply.
- A. Signs of hepatitis
- B. Flu-like syndrome
- C. Low neutrophil count
- D. Vitamin B6 deficiency
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Rifabutin is known to cause side effects such as hepatitis, flu-like syndrome, low neutrophil count, and ocular pain or blurred vision. Vitamin B6 deficiency is not associated with rifabutin but is a side effect of isoniazid (INH). Therefore, the nurse should not monitor for Vitamin B6 deficiency when administering rifabutin.