Nursing Elites

1. A community health nurse is conducting a needs assessment in a rural area. Which data source is most likely to provide comprehensive information about the community's health status?

• A. Focus groups with community members
• B. Local hospital admission records
• C. State health department reports
• D. Surveys conducted by healthcare providers

Correct answer: C

Rationale: State health department reports are the most likely data source to provide comprehensive information about the community's health status. These reports offer a broad overview of health statistics and trends that can guide community health interventions. Focus groups with community members, although valuable for gathering qualitative insights, may not provide comprehensive health status data. Local hospital admission records are limited to specific healthcare utilization data and do not capture the overall health status of the entire community. Surveys conducted by healthcare providers may offer some insights but may not provide the breadth and depth of information available in state health department reports.

2. A school nurse is developing a health risk screening protocol for use at an elementary school. What information is most important for the nurse to include in this protocol?

• A. annual flu vaccination status
• B. weight and height measurement
• C. total cholesterol level
• D. long bone deformity testing

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Weight and height measurements are crucial components of health screenings in children as they help assess growth patterns and identify potential health concerns such as obesity or growth disorders. Monitoring weight and height regularly can aid in early intervention and prevention of health issues. Annual flu vaccination status, total cholesterol level, and long bone deformity testing are not typically primary components of routine health screenings in elementary school children and may not directly contribute to identifying common health risks in this population.

3. A client with a history of seizures is admitted with status epilepticus. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?

• A. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
• B. Diazepam (Valium)
• C. Lorazepam (Ativan)
• D. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the management of status epilepticus, the initial medication of choice is a benzodiazepine to rapidly terminate the seizure activity. Lorazepam (Ativan) is preferred over Diazepam (Valium) due to its longer duration of action and lower risk of respiratory depression. Phenytoin (Dilantin) and Carbamazepine (Tegretol) are not the first-line agents for the acute treatment of status epilepticus, making them incorrect choices in this scenario.

4. The nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?

• A. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute.
• B. Blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg.
• C. Respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute.
• D. Weight loss of 5 pounds in one week.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Weight loss of 5 pounds in one week in a client with hyperthyroidism is concerning as it may indicate severe hypermetabolism, leading to potential complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and other metabolic disturbances. Rapid weight loss in hyperthyroidism indicates an accelerated metabolic rate and increased energy expenditure, which can be detrimental to the client's health. The other assessment findings (heart rate of 100 beats per minute, blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg, respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute) are commonly seen in clients with hyperthyroidism and may not necessarily require immediate intervention unless they are significantly outside the normal range or causing distress to the client.

5. A community health nurse is addressing the issue of domestic violence in the community. Which intervention should be prioritized?

• A. Providing education on the signs of domestic violence
• B. Setting up a support group for survivors
• C. Partnering with local law enforcement to increase patrols
• D. Creating a confidential hotline for reporting abuse

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Creating a confidential hotline for reporting abuse is the most critical intervention when addressing domestic violence. A hotline offers a safe and confidential way for individuals experiencing abuse to report incidents, seek help, and access support services. This intervention prioritizes immediate safety and support for victims. Providing education on the signs of domestic violence (Choice A) is important for prevention but may not address the urgent needs of individuals currently experiencing abuse. Setting up a support group for survivors (Choice B) is valuable for emotional support but may not reach those who are not yet identified as survivors. Partnering with local law enforcement to increase patrols (Choice C) focuses more on the law enforcement response rather than providing a direct avenue for victims to seek help and support.

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