HESI RN
Community Health HESI
1. A client with a history of diabetes mellitus is admitted with hypoglycemia. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Blood glucose of 60 mg/dL.
- B. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute.
- C. Tremors.
- D. Diaphoresis.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In a client with a history of diabetes mellitus admitted with hypoglycemia, the finding that requires immediate intervention is tremors. Tremors can indicate severe hypoglycemia, which needs prompt attention to prevent complications such as seizures or loss of consciousness. While a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL is low, the presence of tremors signifies a more urgent situation. A heart rate of 100 beats per minute and diaphoresis are common physiological responses to hypoglycemia and do not necessarily require immediate intervention unless other severe symptoms are present.
2. A 17-year-old unmarried, pregnant client with drug addiction is a high school dropout, homeless, and has a history of past abuse arrives at the clinic for her first prenatal visit. Which findings should the nurse document as health risk factors for the client? (Select all that apply)
- A. age
- B. school dropout
- C. drug addiction
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: All these factors - age, school dropout, drug addiction - are significant health risk factors for the client. Being young, a high school dropout, and struggling with drug addiction can lead to various complications during pregnancy, such as poor prenatal outcomes and social challenges. These factors can impact the client's overall health and well-being, highlighting the importance of addressing them during prenatal care.
3. A public health nurse is planning a campaign to increase immunization rates among children in a low-income community. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Provide free immunizations at local schools
- B. Create educational materials about vaccine safety
- C. Organize a community forum to discuss immunization concerns
- D. Partner with local media to promote the importance of vaccines
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide free immunizations at local schools. This intervention directly addresses financial barriers and increases accessibility for families in low-income communities. By offering free immunizations at local schools, the nurse can ensure that more children receive the necessary vaccines without worrying about the cost. Choice B, creating educational materials, may be helpful but may not directly address the financial barriers that low-income families face. Choice C, organizing a community forum, can be beneficial for addressing concerns but may not result in immediate action to increase immunization rates. Choice D, partnering with local media, can help raise awareness but may not directly provide the solution of making immunizations more accessible by removing financial barriers.
4. The healthcare provider is assessing a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Chest pain.
- B. Shortness of breath.
- C. Tachycardia.
- D. Cyanosis.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxemia and indicates severe oxygen deprivation, necessitating immediate intervention in a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Chest pain, shortness of breath, and tachycardia are also concerning symptoms in pulmonary embolism; however, cyanosis signifies critical oxygen deficiency and warrants urgent attention to prevent further complications.
5. A community health nurse is addressing the issue of domestic violence in the community. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. establishing a support group for survivors of domestic violence
- B. developing educational materials on recognizing signs of abuse
- C. partnering with local law enforcement to increase awareness
- D. conducting a community needs assessment to identify resources
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Conducting a community needs assessment is the most appropriate initial intervention when addressing domestic violence in the community. This step helps the nurse identify existing resources, gaps, and specific needs of the community related to domestic violence. By understanding the community's needs through a needs assessment, the nurse can tailor subsequent interventions effectively. Option A, establishing a support group, may be beneficial later but should not be the first step. Developing educational materials (Option B) and partnering with law enforcement (Option C) are important strategies; however, without understanding the community's specific needs through a needs assessment, the interventions may not be as targeted or effective.
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