HESI RN
HESI 799 RN Exit Exam Quizlet
1. A client with urticaria due to environmental allergies is taking diphenhydramine. Which complaint should the nurse identify as a side effect of the OTC medication?
- A. Nausea and indigestion.
- B. Hypersalivation.
- C. Eyelid and facial twitching.
- D. Increased appetite.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nausea and indigestion. Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine, commonly causes gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and indigestion. This medication can have anticholinergic effects, leading to these symptoms. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because hypersalivation, eyelid and facial twitching, and increased appetite are not typically associated with diphenhydramine use.
2. A client with type 1 diabetes is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which laboratory value is most concerning?
- A. Serum glucose of 300 mg/dl
- B. Serum bicarbonate of 18 mEq/L
- C. Serum potassium of 5.5 mEq/L
- D. Serum sodium of 135 mEq/L
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L is concerning in a client with DKA as it may indicate worsening hyperkalemia, requiring immediate intervention. Elevated serum potassium levels can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. While elevated glucose and low bicarbonate are characteristic of DKA, hyperkalemia poses a higher immediate risk. Serum sodium within the normal range is not typically a primary concern in DKA.
3. A child with sickle cell anemia is being treated for a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which intervention should the practical nurse (PN) implement?
- A. Apply cold packs to painful areas.
- B. Encourage increased fluid intake.
- C. Administer high doses of vitamin C.
- D. Provide low-calorie meals.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging increased fluid intake is crucial in managing vaso-occlusive crises in patients with sickle cell anemia. Dehydration can worsen these crises, so adequate hydration is essential to prevent complications and improve outcomes. Applying cold packs to painful areas may exacerbate vaso-occlusive crises by causing vasoconstriction. Administering high doses of vitamin C is not directly indicated for vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell anemia. Providing low-calorie meals is not the priority during a vaso-occlusive crisis; maintaining adequate nutrition is important, but hydration takes precedence in this situation.
4. What type of tissue lines the testes?
- A. Glandular tissue.
- B. Squamous epithelium.
- C. Transitional epithelium.
- D. Stratified epithelium.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glandular tissue. The testes are lined with seminiferous tubules, which contain germ cells and Sertoli cells that are involved in sperm production. These cells are part of the glandular tissue that makes up the testes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because squamous, transitional, and stratified epithelium are not typically found lining the testes. Squamous epithelium is a type of epithelial tissue found in areas like the skin, transitional epithelium lines organs like the bladder, and stratified epithelium is present in structures like the skin and esophagus.
5. During admission to the psychiatric unit, a female client is extremely anxious and states that she is worried about the sun coming up the next day. What intervention is most important for the RN to implement during the admission process?
- A. Assist the client in developing alternative coping skills.
- B. Remain calm and use a matter-of-fact approach.
- C. Ask the client why she is so anxious.
- D. Administer a PRN sedative to help relieve her anxiety.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: During admission to a psychiatric unit, it is crucial for the registered nurse to remain calm and use a matter-of-fact approach when addressing a client who is extremely anxious. By staying composed and adopting a matter-of-fact demeanor, the nurse can help establish trust and promote a sense of calm in the client. This approach can also convey a sense of reassurance and stability, which can be beneficial in managing the client's anxiety. Assisting the client in developing alternative coping skills (Choice A) may be important in the long term but is not the most immediate priority during the admission process. Asking the client why she is anxious (Choice C) may not be helpful at this moment as the client may not be able to articulate the specific reasons due to her heightened anxiety. Administering a PRN sedative (Choice D) should not be the initial intervention as it does not address the underlying cause of the anxiety and should be considered only if other non-pharmacological interventions are ineffective.