HESI RN
HESI RN Exit Exam 2024 Quizlet Capstone
1. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing increased shortness of breath and fatigue. What is the nurse's first action?
- A. Administer a bronchodilator as prescribed.
- B. Check the client's oxygen saturation.
- C. Reposition the client to a high Fowler's position.
- D. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action for a client with COPD experiencing increased shortness of breath and fatigue is to check the client's oxygen saturation. This assessment helps the nurse evaluate the client's respiratory status promptly. Administering a bronchodilator (Choice A) may be necessary but should come after assessing the oxygen saturation. Repositioning the client to a high Fowler's position (Choice C) can help improve breathing but should not precede oxygen saturation assessment. Administering oxygen via nasal cannula (Choice D) may be needed based on the oxygen saturation results, but assessing it first is crucial.
2. During a routine assessment of a 3-year-old at a community health center, the healthcare professional should be alert for signs of autism spectrum disorder. Which behavior by the child should prompt further evaluation for a possible autistic spectrum disorder?
- A. Engages in odd repetitive behaviors
- B. Shows indifference to verbal stimulation
- C. Strokes the hair of a hand-held doll
- D. Has a history of temper tantrums
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Engaging in odd repetitive behaviors is a hallmark sign of autism spectrum disorder in children. These behaviors can include repetitive movements, insistence on sameness, or specific routines. Recognizing and addressing these behaviors early can help in providing appropriate interventions and support for the child.
3. During the infusion of a second unit of packed red blood cells, the client's temperature increases from 99 to 101.6 F. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Stop the transfusion and start a saline infusion.
- B. Administer antipyretics and continue the transfusion.
- C. Monitor the client’s vital signs every 15 minutes.
- D. Notify the healthcare provider and continue the transfusion.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An increase in temperature during a transfusion may indicate a transfusion reaction, which can be serious. Stopping the transfusion and starting a saline infusion is the priority action to prevent further complications and address the potential adverse reaction. Administering antipyretics (choice B) may mask the symptoms of a transfusion reaction, delaying appropriate treatment. While monitoring vital signs (choice C) is important, stopping the transfusion takes precedence to prevent harm. Notifying the healthcare provider (choice D) is essential but should not delay the immediate intervention of stopping the transfusion and starting a saline infusion.
4. A community health nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of a recent smoking cessation program. Which outcome indicates success?
- A. increased attendance at support group meetings
- B. reduced number of cigarettes smoked per day
- C. higher sales of nicotine replacement products
- D. lower relapse rate among participants
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: lower relapse rate among participants. A lower relapse rate indicates that participants are successfully quitting smoking and maintaining their cessation, which is the ultimate goal of a smoking cessation program. Increased attendance at support group meetings (choice A) may demonstrate engagement but does not necessarily indicate successful smoking cessation. Similarly, higher sales of nicotine replacement products (choice C) may reflect increased product usage but not necessarily successful smoking cessation. While reducing the number of cigarettes smoked per day (choice B) is a positive change, it does not guarantee successful smoking cessation or long-term abstinence.
5. How should the nurse prepare the body of a deceased adult for transfer to the mortuary?
- A. Leave the body as is, no preparation needed
- B. Bathe the body and place ID tags on it
- C. Remove dentures before bathing the body
- D. Position the body with its head down and arms folded on its chest
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When preparing the body of a deceased adult for transfer to the mortuary, it is essential to bathe the body and place identification tags on it. This process ensures proper identification and respectful care of the deceased individual.