HESI RN
Biology Test
1. Which of the following options correctly lists the five stages of mitosis in order from beginning to end?
- A. Prophase, Prometaphase, Telophase, Metaphase, Anaphase
- B. Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
- C. Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Prometaphase, Telophase
- D. Metaphase, Telophase, Anaphase, Prophase, Prometaphase
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct order of the stages of mitosis is Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. Choice A is incorrect because it has Anaphase and Metaphase in the wrong order. Choice C is incorrect as it starts with Metaphase, which is not the first stage of mitosis. Choice D is incorrect as it also has the stages in the wrong order, and it starts with Metaphase, which is incorrect.
2. In the hierarchy of biology, cells combine to form which of the following?
- A. Macromolecules
- B. Molecules
- C. Tissues
- D. Organelles
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In the hierarchy of biology, cells combine to form tissues. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform specific functions. This is a fundamental level of organization above individual cells but below organs and organ systems. Macromolecules and molecules are smaller components that make up cells, not what cells combine to form. Organelles are structures within cells that perform specific functions and do not result from the combination of cells.
3. Which of the following options correctly lists biology's hierarchical organizational system?
- A. Phylum, Kingdom, Class, Family, Order, Species, Genus
- B. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
- C. Genus, Order, Kingdom, Class, Phylum, Species, Family
- D. Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Genus, Order, Family, Species
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct hierarchical organizational system in biology is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. This follows the mnemonic 'King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup.' Choice A is incorrect as it does not follow the correct hierarchical order. Choice C is incorrect as it starts with Genus, which is more specific and should come after Family. Choice D is incorrect as it does not follow the correct hierarchical order.
4. Which of the following options identifies the products of cell respiration?
- A. Water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen
- B. Glucose and oxygen
- C. Water, carbon dioxide, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
- D. Water, glucose, and oxygen
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Water, carbon dioxide, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).' During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce water, carbon dioxide, and ATP. Choice A is incorrect as oxygen is not a product of cell respiration but a reactant. Choice B is incorrect as it lists glucose and oxygen, which are actually reactants in the process. Choice D is incorrect as glucose is not a product of cell respiration but a substrate that is broken down to release energy.
5. Which of the following is the process that reduces cells originally classified as diploid to haploid?
- A. Meiosis
- B. Photosynthesis
- C. Mitosis
- D. Cytokinesis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Meiosis. Meiosis is the cell division process that reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid, which is essential for sexual reproduction. Choice B, Photosynthesis, is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll. Choice C, Mitosis, is a cell division process that results in two diploid daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Choice D, Cytokinesis, is the division of the cytoplasm following cell division.
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