Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following tests is positive in pelvic inflammatory disease?

• A. Cervical excitation test
• B. Chadwick sign
• C. Jacquiners sign
• D. Palmers sign

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cervical excitation test. The cervical excitation test is positive in pelvic inflammatory disease. This test involves pain or tenderness upon movement of the cervix, indicating inflammation of the pelvic organs. Chadwick sign (choice B) refers to a bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia due to increased vascularity and is not a test for PID. Jacquiners sign (choice C) and Palmers sign (choice D) are not recognized clinical signs or tests for PID, making them incorrect choices.

2. In 1989, the national population policy was formally launched targeting:

• A. Reducing population growth
• B. Making family planning services available
• C. Making services accessible and affordable to all eligible users
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the national population policy launched in 1989 aimed at reducing population growth by making family planning services available, accessible, and affordable to all eligible users. Choice A is incorrect as it does not encompass the full scope of the policy objectives. Choice B is also incomplete as it focuses solely on availability without considering accessibility and affordability. Choice C is partially correct but lacks the comprehensive approach of the national population policy.

3. Which of the following is a contraceptive?

• A. Copper T
• B. Condom
• C. Diaphragm
• D. All of these

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, All of these. Copper T, Condom, and Diaphragm are all examples of contraceptives used to prevent pregnancy. Copper T is an intrauterine device (IUD) that is placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Condoms are barrier contraceptives worn over the penis or inserted into the vagina to prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Diaphragms are also barrier contraceptives that cover the cervix to prevent sperm from entering the uterus. Therefore, all options listed (Copper T, Condom, Diaphragm) are indeed contraceptives, making 'All of these' the correct choice.

4. What is dysmenorrhoea?

• A. Heavy menstruation
• B. Light menstruation
• C. Painful menstruation
• D. Infrequent menstruation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dysmenorrhoea is the medical term for painful menstruation. It is characterized by cramp-like abdominal pain that occurs just before or during menstruation. Choice A, heavy menstruation, is referred to as menorrhagia. Choice B, light menstruation, is not a term used to describe a specific menstrual condition. Choice D, infrequent menstruation, is known as oligomenorrhea, not dysmenorrhoea.

5. Causes of metrorrhagia include:

• A. Cervical carcinoma
• B. Uterine polyp
• C. Cervical endometriosis
• D. Infections like Chlamydia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Metrorrhagia refers to irregular menstrual bleeding that occurs between periods. Cervical carcinoma, a type of cancer that develops in the cervix, can lead to metrorrhagia. Uterine polyps, which are growths attached to the inner wall of the uterus, can also cause abnormal bleeding. While infections like Chlamydia can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding, they are not common causes of metrorrhagia. Cervical endometriosis, although a possible gynecological condition, is not a typical cause of metrorrhagia. Therefore, the correct answer is cervical carcinoma as it is a known cause of metrorrhagia, making the other options incorrect.

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