Nursing Elites

1. What is a characteristic of threatening abortion?

• A. Os open.
• B. Firm contracted uterus.
• C. Heavy bleeding.
• D. Severe cramping.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Threatening abortion is characterized by a firm contracted uterus with an open os. This presentation indicates a risk of miscarriage. Choice A ('Os open') is not specific enough and does not fully describe the condition. Choices C ('Heavy bleeding') and D ('Severe cramping') can also be present in threatening abortion, but the primary characteristic is a firm contracted uterus with an open os.

2. Which of the following would be the priority nursing diagnosis for a client with an ectopic pregnancy?

• A. Risk for infection
• B. Pain
• C. Knowledge Deficit
• D. Anticipatory Grieving

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Anticipatory grieving is the priority nursing diagnosis for a client with an ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical intervention, often resulting in emotional distress and potential loss. Anticipatory grieving addresses the emotional needs of the client and their family in anticipation of a possible loss. While pain management and infection prevention are important aspects of care, addressing the emotional well-being and coping mechanisms should take precedence in this situation. Knowledge deficit may also be relevant, but emotional support is crucial in this critical scenario.

3. What is one of the major issues affecting adolescents in terms of sexual and reproductive health?

• A. Limited access to contraceptives and family planning
• B. Equal representation in decision-making
• C. Decreased need for sexual education
• D. Equal opportunities for career growth

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Limited access to contraceptives and family planning is indeed a major issue affecting adolescents in terms of sexual and reproductive health. This lack of access can lead to unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections, and limited reproductive choices. Choice B, equal representation in decision-making, although important, is not directly related to sexual and reproductive health issues faced by adolescents. Choice C, decreased need for sexual education, is incorrect as proper sexual education is crucial in promoting healthy behaviors and preventing risks. Choice D, equal opportunities for career growth, is also unrelated to the specific issues surrounding sexual and reproductive health in adolescents.

4. In which of the following types of spontaneous abortions would the nurse assess dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test?

• A. Threatened
• B. Imminent
• C. Missed
• D. Incomplete

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test are characteristic of a missed abortion. In a missed abortion, the fetus has died, but the products of conception are retained in the uterus. This can lead to symptoms like dark brown vaginal discharge as the body tries to expel the nonviable pregnancy. A threatened abortion is characterized by vaginal bleeding without dilation of the cervix, and the pregnancy remains viable. Imminent abortion involves cervical dilation and effacement with no passage of tissue. In an incomplete abortion, only part of the products of conception are expelled, leading to persistent bleeding and cramping.

5. Which of the following is not a complication of menopause?

• A. Fractures
• B. Alzheimer's disease
• C. Congestive heart failure
• D. Painful intercourse

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Congestive heart failure is not typically associated with menopause. Menopause is linked to an increased risk of fractures due to bone density loss, a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease due to hormonal changes affecting the brain, and painful intercourse due to vaginal dryness and decreased lubrication. While cardiovascular health can be affected by menopause, congestive heart failure is not a direct complication of menopause.

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