HESI RN
Community Health HESI Quizlet
1. The nurse is teaching a group of high school adolescents about safety associated with traumatic injuries. Which factor causing spinal cord injuries should the nurse discuss with the adolescents?
- A. motor vehicle accidents
- B. violent assault
- C. sports injuries
- D. falls
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: motor vehicle accidents. Motor vehicle accidents are a significant cause of spinal cord injuries among adolescents due to the high impact forces involved. While violent assault, sports injuries, and falls can also lead to spinal cord injuries, statistics show that motor vehicle accidents are a leading cause in this age group. Educating adolescents about the risks and preventive measures related to motor vehicle accidents is crucial in promoting their safety and well-being.
2. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen at 4 liters per minute via nasal cannula. The client becomes lethargic and confused. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Decrease the oxygen flow rate
- B. Increase the oxygen flow rate
- C. Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe
- D. Monitor the client's oxygen saturation level
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the priority action for the nurse is to decrease the oxygen flow rate. Clients with COPD are sensitive to high levels of oxygen and can develop oxygen toxicity, leading to symptoms like lethargy and confusion. Decreasing the oxygen flow rate helps prevent this complication. Increasing the oxygen flow rate would worsen the client's condition. Encouraging coughing and deep breathing may not address the immediate issue of oxygen toxicity. While monitoring the client's oxygen saturation level is important, taking action to address the oxygen toxicity by decreasing the flow rate is the priority in this situation.
3. The nurse has been teaching a client with Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I use a sliding scale to adjust regular insulin to my sugar level.
- B. Since my eyesight is so bad, I ask the nurse to fill several syringes.
- C. I keep my regular insulin bottle in the refrigerator.
- D. I always make sure to shake the NPH bottle hard to mix it well.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Shaking the NPH insulin bottle hard can cause air bubbles and affect dosing accuracy; it should be rolled gently instead.
4. A client with Cushing's syndrome is being monitored for complications. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Low-grade fever
- D. Weight gain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Low-grade fever. A low-grade fever may indicate an infection, which is a serious concern in clients with Cushing's syndrome due to their immunosuppressed state. Hypertension and hyperglycemia are common manifestations of Cushing's syndrome and may not require immediate reporting unless severe or uncontrolled. Weight gain is also a common symptom in clients with Cushing's syndrome and may not warrant immediate reporting unless it is sudden and significant.
5. During a follow-up visit, a client with hypertension reports that they often forget to take their medication. What should the nurse do first?
- A. educate the client on the importance of medication adherence
- B. explore the reasons for the client's forgetfulness
- C. provide the client with a pill organizer
- D. adjust the client's medication schedule
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse is to explore the reasons for the client's forgetfulness. By understanding the underlying causes, the nurse can provide tailored interventions to help the client improve medication adherence. Providing education on the importance of adherence (Choice A) may be necessary but should come after identifying the reasons for forgetfulness. Simply providing a pill organizer (Choice C) or adjusting the medication schedule (Choice D) does not address the root cause of the forgetfulness and may not lead to sustained improvement in adherence.