HESI RN
HESI Quizlet Fundamentals
1. The healthcare provider is providing passive range of motion (ROM) exercises to the hip and knee for a client who is unconscious. After supporting the client's knee with one hand, what action should the healthcare provider take next?
- A. Raise the bed to a comfortable working level.
- B. Bend the client's knee.
- C. Move the knee toward the chest as far as it will go.
- D. Cradle the client's heel.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When providing passive ROM exercises to the hip and knee for an unconscious client, it is essential to support the joints of the knee and ankle. The next action should be to cradle the client's heel and gently move the limb in a slow, smooth, firm, but gentle manner. This helps maintain joint mobility and prevent contractures.
2. The client is being educated by the healthcare provider about risk factors associated with atherosclerosis and methods to reduce the risk. Which of the following is a risk factor that the client cannot modify?
- A. Diabetes
- B. Age
- C. Exercise level
- D. Dietary preferences
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Age is a nonmodifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis because it is a natural part of the aging process. While lifestyle factors such as diabetes, exercise level, and dietary preferences can be modified to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, age cannot be altered. Therefore, age is the correct answer. Diabetes, exercise level, and dietary preferences can all be improved or managed through interventions and lifestyle changes to mitigate the risk of atherosclerosis.
3. The healthcare professional observes a UAP taking a client's blood pressure in the lower extremity. Which observation of this procedure requires the healthcare professional's intervention?
- A. The cuff wraps around the girth of the leg.
- B. The UAP auscultates the popliteal pulse with the cuff on the lower leg.
- C. The client is placed in a prone position.
- D. The systolic reading is 20 mm Hg higher than the blood pressure in the client's arm.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When obtaining blood pressure in the lower extremities, the popliteal pulse is the site for auscultation when the blood pressure cuff is applied around the thigh. Auscultating the popliteal pulse with the cuff on the lower leg is incorrect as it may lead to an inaccurate reading. Placing the client in a prone position and wrapping the cuff around the girth of the leg are acceptable practices. A systolic reading that is 20 mm Hg higher in the lower extremity compared to the arm is expected due to the difference in blood pressure between the upper and lower parts of the body.
4. Which of the following are examples of external genitalia?
- A. Mons veneris
- B. Labia majora
- C. Vagina
- D. Cervix
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mons veneris. The mons veneris and labia majora are considered external genitalia as they are visible externally. The vagina and cervix, on the other hand, are internal structures. The vagina is the canal leading from the external genitals to the cervix, which is the lower, narrow portion of the uterus.
5. A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client who has a burn injury and adheres to a strict vegan diet. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend?
- A. Tuna salad
- B. Fresh fruit
- C. Vegetables
- D. Beans
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Beans are an excellent choice for a client with a burn injury who follows a strict vegan diet. They are a rich source of protein, essential for healing, making them the most suitable option among the choices provided. Tuna salad (choice A) is not suitable for a vegan diet as it contains animal products. While fresh fruit (choice B) and vegetables (choice C) are healthy options, they may not provide sufficient protein needed for healing from a burn injury.