HESI RN
Community Health HESI Quizlet
1. The healthcare provider is preparing to administer atropine, an anticholinergic, to a client scheduled for a cholecystectomy. The client asks the provider to explain the reason for the prescribed medication. What response is best for the provider to provide?
- A. To increase gastric motility.
- B. To decrease the risk of bradycardia during surgery.
- C. To reduce secretions.
- D. To prevent nausea and vomiting.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Atropine, an anticholinergic medication, is used preoperatively to prevent bradycardia by increasing the automaticity of the sinoatrial node during surgical anesthesia. Choice A is incorrect because atropine does not affect gastric motility. Choice C is incorrect as atropine is not primarily used to reduce secretions. Choice D is also incorrect because preventing nausea and vomiting is not the primary purpose of administering atropine in this context.
2. The parents of a 2-year-old child with a history of febrile seizures are being taught by the healthcare provider. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. We should give our child acetaminophen when they have a fever.
- B. We should not place our child in a cool bath during a seizure.
- C. We should call 911 if the seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes.
- D. We should try to keep our child’s fever under control.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Placing a child in a cool bath during a seizure is not recommended as it can be dangerous and may lead to accidental drowning or injuries. The priority during a febrile seizure is to ensure the safety of the child by placing them on a soft surface, removing any nearby objects that may cause harm, and gently turning their head to the side to prevent aspiration. Cooling measures like removing excess clothing can be employed, but immersing the child in a cool bath is not advised. Calling 911 if the seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes is important to seek immediate medical assistance. Administering acetaminophen to reduce fever and trying to keep the child's fever under control are appropriate interventions which should be continued.
3. The nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following findings should be reported immediately to the physician?
- A. Clear dialysate outflow.
- B. Increased blood pressure.
- C. Cloudy dialysate outflow.
- D. Decreased urine output.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Cloudy dialysate outflow should be reported immediately to the physician. It is indicative of peritonitis, a severe infection of the peritoneal cavity and a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. Prompt medical attention is crucial to prevent further complications or systemic infection. Clear dialysate outflow (Choice A) is a normal finding in peritoneal dialysis. Increased blood pressure (Choice B) and decreased urine output (Choice D) are common in clients with chronic renal failure and may not require immediate reporting unless they are significantly abnormal or accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
4. What is the purpose of Hysterosalpingo-contrast Sonography?
- A. Check a woman's tubes and is done with an X-ray and dye test called a hysterosalpingogram
- B. Detect Human Chorionic Gonadotrophic hormone (HCG) in urine or whole blood.
- C. Diagnose ovarian cancer using MRI technology.
- D. Detect cancer cells in the cervix.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hysterosalpingo-contrast Sonography is a test used to check a woman's fallopian tubes with an X-ray and dye test called a hysterosalpingogram. This test is specifically designed to evaluate the patency of the fallopian tubes and the uterine cavity. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the purpose of Hysterosalpingo-contrast Sonography.
5. After a full-term vaginal delivery, a postpartum client's white blood cell count is 15,000/mm3. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Check the differential, as the WBC count can be normal for this client.
- B. Assess the client's temperature, pulse, and respirations every 4 hours.
- C. Notify the healthcare provider, as this finding may indicate infection.
- D. Assess the client's perineal area for signs of a perineal hematoma.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In postpartum clients, a white blood cell count of 15,000/mm3 can be within normal limits due to physiological changes that occur after childbirth. Checking the differential count would provide a more detailed analysis of the specific types of white blood cells present, helping to differentiate between normal postpartum changes and potential infection. This action allows the nurse to gather more information before escalating the situation to the healthcare provider or initiating other assessments. Assessing vital signs and the perineal area are important aspects of postpartum care but may not be the priority in this scenario where the white blood cell count can be influenced by normal physiological changes.