Nursing Elites

1. Inevitable abortion is characterized by:

• A. Heavy bleeding.
• B. Open os.
• C. Severe cramping.
• D. Light bleeding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Inevitable abortion is characterized by an open os. This condition is associated with heavy bleeding. While severe cramping can be present in inevitable abortion, the key characteristic is the open os, making choice B the correct answer. Choices A and D are incorrect because they do not specifically describe the defining feature of inevitable abortion, which is the open os.

2. In which part of the fallopian tube is tubal abortion most common?

• A. Ampullary portion
• B. Isthmus
• C. Interstitial portion
• D. Infundibulum

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Tubal abortion is most common when the ovum implants in the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube. This location is the narrowest part of the tube, making it more prone to obstruction or difficulty in the passage of the fertilized ovum. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because tubal abortion is more likely to occur in the interstitial portion rather than the ampullary portion, isthmus, or infundibulum of the fallopian tube.

3. A woman is considered to be in menopause if she has experienced the cessation of her menses for a period of:

• A. 6 months
• B. 12 months
• C. 18 months
• D. 24 months

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Menopause is defined as the cessation of menses for 12 months. This period is significant because it indicates the end of a woman's reproductive years. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the established criteria for defining menopause.

4. What structure lies posterior to the vagina?

• A. Pouch of Douglas
• B. Rectum
• C. Perineal body
• D. Structures of the vulva

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rectum. The rectum is located posterior to the vagina in the pelvic cavity. The Pouch of Douglas (choice A) is a peritoneal pouch located between the rectum and the uterus. The perineal body (choice C) is a fibrous structure located between the vagina and the anus. Structures of the vulva (choice D) are external genital structures surrounding the vaginal opening, not posterior to the vagina.

5. Why is abortion important?

• A. It is easily conducted
• B. It can easily be diagnosed
• C. It causes serious complications such as infections and maternal death
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Abortion is important due to the serious complications it can cause, such as infections and maternal death. Choices A and B are incorrect because ease of conducting or diagnosing abortion procedures does not inherently make abortion important. Choice D is incorrect because not all the options listed are reasons why abortion is important; only choice C highlights the critical aspect of potential complications.

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