Nursing Elites

1. Appropriate Technologies and Skills involve:

• A. Selecting technologies according to universal standards.
• B. Ensuring a doctor is present at the service-providing facility.
• C. Requiring that health care providers are nurses.
• D. Selecting technologies that are easy to use but not necessarily effective.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Selecting technologies according to universal standards.' Appropriate technologies and skills involve choosing tools and methods based on universal standards to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. Choice B is incorrect because the presence of a doctor is not necessarily a defining factor for appropriate technologies and skills. Choice C is incorrect as appropriate technologies are not limited to being utilized only by nurses. Choice D is incorrect as the focus should be on selecting technologies that are both easy to use and effective, not one or the other.

2. What is the reasonable available distance from all patients to offer Primary Health Care (PHC) services?

• A. Within a 20 Km radius
• B. Within a 15 Km radius
• C. Within a 12 Km radius
• D. Within a 10 Km radius

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is within a 20 Km radius. Primary Health Care services should be accessible within a 20 Km radius to ensure adequate coverage for all patients. This distance allows for a reasonable reach while ensuring that individuals can access essential healthcare services in a timely manner. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they offer distances that may limit accessibility and coverage, potentially leaving some patients without timely access to necessary healthcare.

3. Which of the following are outcomes of an ectopic pregnancy EXCEPT?

• A. Tubal abortion
• B. Tubal rupture
• C. Intra-tubal bleeding
• D. Secondary abdominal pregnancy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus. Common outcomes include tubal abortion (spontaneous termination of ectopic pregnancy within the fallopian tube), tubal rupture (rupture of the fallopian tube leading to internal bleeding), and intra-tubal bleeding. Secondary abdominal pregnancy, on the other hand, is a rare occurrence and not a typical outcome of an ectopic pregnancy. It involves the implantation of a fertilized egg in the peritoneal cavity rather than the uterus.

4. What is one of the roles of the oxytocin hormone?

• A. Stimulates milk ejection.
• B. Stimulates the production of milk.
• C. Stimulates the development of lactoferrin.
• D. Stimulates the secretion of relaxin.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Stimulates milk ejection.' Oxytocin is responsible for contracting the muscles around the milk ducts, pushing milk into the nipples for breastfeeding. This process is known as milk ejection or let-down. The other choices are incorrect because oxytocin's primary function is to facilitate milk ejection rather than directly stimulating the production of milk, the development of lactoferrin, or the secretion of relaxin.

5. In order to provide services effectively and in the best interests of the whole family:

• A. The wife's relatives need to be contacted
• B. It's important to seek the services of a traditional healer
• C. Health providers need to be aware of the roles and decision-making process within the family
• D. Health providers need to conduct door-to-door sensitization on health matters

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Health providers need to be aware of the roles and decision-making process within the family.' To provide services effectively, health providers must understand the dynamics within a family, including who makes decisions and how roles are distributed. This knowledge helps them tailor their services to meet the needs and preferences of the whole family. Choices A and B are incorrect because contacting the wife's relatives or seeking the services of a traditional healer may not necessarily align with providing effective services based on family dynamics. Choice D is also incorrect as door-to-door sensitization may not directly address the internal dynamics of a family.

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