Nursing Elites

1. A primipara with a breech presentation is in the transition phase of labor. The nurse visualizes the perineum and sees the umbilical cord extruding from the introitus. In which position should the nurse place the client?

• A. Supine with the foot of the bed raised.
• B. On the left side with legs elevated.
• C. On the right side with legs elevated.
• D. Prone with head elevated.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In the scenario of a primipara with a breech presentation and a prolapsed umbilical cord, the nurse should place the client in the supine position with the foot of the bed raised (Trendelenburg position). This position helps alleviate gravitational pressure by the fetus on the cord, preventing compression and reducing the risk of cord prolapse complications. Placing the client on the left or right side with legs elevated or in a prone position with the head elevated would not be appropriate in this situation, as they do not effectively relieve the pressure on the umbilical cord.

2. The healthcare provider is assessing a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Which finding requires immediate intervention?

• A. Chest pain.
• B. Shortness of breath.
• C. Tachycardia.
• D. Cyanosis.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxemia and indicates severe oxygen deprivation, necessitating immediate intervention in a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Chest pain, shortness of breath, and tachycardia are also concerning symptoms in pulmonary embolism; however, cyanosis signifies critical oxygen deficiency and warrants urgent attention to prevent further complications.

3. The nurse is planning an immunization campaign targeting the children of migrant farm workers in the community. Which data should the nurse review before exploring solution options when developing this program plan?

• A. uncertain risks
• B. potential outcomes
• C. priority of solutions
• D. target population data

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Correct. Before designing an immunization campaign for the children of migrant farm workers, the nurse should review target population data. This includes understanding the specific demographics, health needs, and challenges faced by this population to create a tailored and effective program. Reviewing uncertain risks (choice A) may not provide actionable insights for program development. Considering potential outcomes (choice B) is important but comes after understanding the target population. Evaluating the priority of solutions (choice C) is premature without knowing the specific characteristics and needs of the target population.

4. A nurse is developing a community health education program focused on preventing childhood obesity. Which intervention should be prioritized?

• A. Creating a school-based exercise program
• B. Distributing educational pamphlets on healthy eating
• C. Organizing a community health fair
• D. Partnering with local restaurants to offer healthy meal options

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Creating a school-based exercise program. This intervention directly addresses the need to increase physical activity among children, a crucial aspect in preventing childhood obesity. While distributing educational pamphlets on healthy eating (choice B) can be beneficial, promoting physical activity through a structured program is more effective in combating obesity. Organizing a community health fair (choice C) may raise awareness but may not lead to sustained behavior change like a structured exercise program. Partnering with local restaurants to offer healthy meal options (choice D) addresses nutrition but does not directly impact physical activity levels, which are essential in obesity prevention.

5. The healthcare provider is developing a community outreach program to address childhood obesity. Which intervention should the healthcare provider implement first?

• A. conduct a survey to assess dietary habits and physical activity levels
• B. develop educational materials on healthy eating and exercise
• C. partner with local schools to promote physical activity programs
• D. organize community events that encourage healthy lifestyle choices

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Conducting a survey to assess dietary habits and physical activity levels should be the initial step in developing a community outreach program to address childhood obesity. By gathering data through a survey, the healthcare provider can identify specific needs, preferences, and challenges within the community. This information is crucial for designing tailored interventions that are more likely to be effective. Developing educational materials (Choice B) can come after understanding the community's needs through the survey. Partnering with local schools (Choice C) and organizing community events (Choice D) are important strategies but should be planned based on the data obtained from the survey to ensure relevance and impact.

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