a client with type 2 dm asks the nurse why it is important to control blood glucose levels the nurse should explain that high blood glucose levels inc

HESI RN

Leadership HESI Quizlet

1. Why is it important to control blood glucose levels in type 2 DM?

A. Hypertension and kidney disease.
B. Weight gain and obesity.
C. Improved wound healing.
D. Decreased cholesterol levels.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Controlling blood glucose levels in type 2 DM is crucial to prevent complications. High blood glucose levels can lead to hypertension and kidney disease, as seen in diabetic nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy. These are common complications of uncontrolled diabetes. Weight gain and obesity (choice B) are influenced by factors such as diet and physical activity rather than blood glucose levels. Improved wound healing (choice C) is not directly related to blood glucose control but can be affected by it indirectly. Decreased cholesterol levels (choice D) are not a direct consequence of high blood glucose levels and are more related to dietary and lifestyle factors.

2. Skillful communication is one behavior of an effective leader. Which of the following describes an effective method of communication?

A. A unit manager meets with a new nurse to discuss what is going well and what improvements the new nurse can make.
B. A unit manager meets with a new nurse to explain departmental policy.
C. A unit manager meets with staff after several safety events to unveil new policies designed to prevent further safety events.
D. A unit manager describes safety events that have occurred on the unit to another nurse manager and discusses ideas for policy improvement with the other manager.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Meeting with a new nurse to discuss progress and areas for improvement is an effective communication method.

3. The client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus is being taught about self-care management. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching?

A. I will rotate my injection sites to prevent skin damage.
B. I can stop taking my medication if my blood sugar is normal.
C. I should monitor my blood sugar levels regularly.
D. I should follow a healthy diet and exercise regularly.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus should not stop taking their medication even if blood sugar levels are normal. This is because ongoing management is necessary to control blood sugar levels and prevent complications. Choice A is correct as rotating injection sites helps prevent skin damage and improves insulin absorption. Choice C is correct as regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is vital for managing diabetes effectively. Choice D is correct as following a healthy diet and exercising regularly are key components of diabetes management.

4. Albert, a 35-year-old insulin-dependent diabetic, is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pneumonia. He has been febrile since admission. His daily insulin requirement is 24 units of NPH. Every morning Albert is given NPH insulin at 0730. Meals are served at 0830, 1230, and 1830. The nurse expects that the NPH insulin will reach its maximum effect (peak) between the hours of:

A. 1130 and 1330.
B. 1330 and 1930.
C. 1530 and 2130.
D. 1730 and 2330.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: NPH insulin typically peaks 4-12 hours after administration, so a peak between 1530 and 2130 would be expected. Choice A (1130 and 1330) is too early for the peak effect of NPH insulin. Choice B (1330 and 1930) falls within the possible peak period but is not as accurate as choice C. Choice D (1730 and 2330) is too late for the peak effect of NPH insulin based on the typical peak timing.

5. A client with type 2 DM is prescribed metformin (Glucophage). The nurse should include which instruction when teaching the client about this medication?

A. Take the medication with meals.
B. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
C. Avoid taking the medication if you miss a meal.
D. Take the medication before bedtime.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction when taking metformin (Glucophage) is to take the medication with meals. Taking metformin with meals helps to reduce gastrointestinal side effects and improve absorption. Choice B is incorrect because taking metformin on an empty stomach can increase the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Choice C is incorrect because missing a meal does not mean the medication should be avoided; the client should still take it with the next meal. Choice D is incorrect because there is no specific recommendation to take metformin before bedtime.