Nursing Elites

1. A client with hyperparathyroidism is at risk for which of the following complications?

• A. Hypocalcemia
• B. Osteoporosis
• C. Hypokalemia
• D. Hyponatremia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A client with hyperparathyroidism is at risk for osteoporosis, not hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, or hyponatremia. Hyperparathyroidism results in increased levels of parathyroid hormone, which causes excessive breakdown of bone tissue to release calcium into the bloodstream. This process can lead to weakened bones and an increased risk of osteoporosis. Hypocalcemia is unlikely in hyperparathyroidism as the condition is characterized by elevated calcium levels due to the abnormal activity of the parathyroid glands. Hypokalemia and hyponatremia are not directly associated with hyperparathyroidism; they are more commonly linked to other conditions affecting potassium and sodium levels in the body.

2. A client with hyperthyroidism is prescribed propranolol. The nurse understands that this medication is used to:

• A. Increase metabolism
• B. Reduce anxiety
• C. Decrease heart rate
• D. Increase blood pressure

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Propranolol is a beta-blocker commonly used in the management of hyperthyroidism. It works by blocking the effects of adrenaline, resulting in a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect because propranolol does not increase metabolism; instead, it may have a mild inhibitory effect. Choice B is incorrect as propranolol is not primarily used to reduce anxiety, although it may have some anxiolytic effects. Choice D is incorrect as propranolol actually decreases blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart and blood vessels.

3. The client with DM is being taught about the signs of hyperglycemia. Which symptom should the nurse include?

• A. Excessive thirst
• B. Sweating
• C. Shaking
• D. Hunger

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Excessive thirst, also known as polydipsia, is a hallmark symptom of hyperglycemia. When blood glucose levels are high, the body tries to eliminate the excess glucose through urine, leading to increased urination and subsequent thirst. Sweating, shaking, and hunger are more commonly associated with hypoglycemia, not hyperglycemia. Sweating can occur when blood sugar levels drop too low, shaking is a sign of hypoglycemia, and hunger is often a result of low blood sugar levels triggering the body to seek fuel.

4. The healthcare provider is caring for a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate?

• A. Monitor blood glucose levels
• B. Restrict fluid intake
• C. Administer potassium supplements
• D. Encourage a high-protein diet

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Clients with Cushing's syndrome are at risk for hyperglycemia due to the effects of cortisol on glucose metabolism. Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial to detect and manage hyperglycemia promptly. Restricting fluid intake (choice B) is not necessary unless specifically indicated for another condition, as clients with Cushing's syndrome are prone to fluid imbalances. Administering potassium supplements (choice C) is not appropriate as clients with Cushing's syndrome often have elevated potassium levels due to the effects of cortisol. Encouraging a high-protein diet (choice D) is not recommended as clients with Cushing's syndrome should focus on a balanced diet to manage their condition effectively.

5. A new nurse is working on becoming a better follower. Which of the following recommendations should she implement?

• A. When you disagree with the manager, seek to determine the manager’s rationale.
• B. Share what you have learned only with newer nurses.
• C. Listen and reflect on your manager’s feedback.
• D. Seek to find a balance and manage your time and energy as you seek to learn about your specialty.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Listening and reflecting on the manager’s feedback is crucial for a new nurse aiming to become a better follower. It allows the nurse to understand expectations, identify areas for improvement, and show respect for the manager's guidance. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on resolving disagreements rather than improving followership skills. Choice B is incorrect as knowledge sharing should not be limited to specific groups. Choice D is incorrect as it addresses time management and learning about the specialty, which are important but not directly related to followership development.

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