HESI RN
Pharmacology HESI Quizlet
1. A client who has been taking isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis asks the nurse about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I should limit my alcohol intake.
- B. I should notify my doctor if I notice a yellowish skin color.
- C. I should take the medication with an empty stomach.
- D. I should notify my doctor if I experience numbness and tingling in my extremities.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Isoniazid (INH) is best absorbed when taken on an empty stomach. However, if gastrointestinal upset occurs, it can be taken with food. Limiting alcohol intake, monitoring for jaundice, and notifying the doctor of peripheral neuropathy symptoms are all appropriate actions while taking INH.
2. A client with a recent diagnosis of bipolar disorder is attending a support group for the first time. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further education about the disorder?
- A. “I will make sure to take my medications every day.”
- B. “I will avoid high-stress situations whenever possible.”
- C. “I know I can stop my medications when I am feeling better.”
- D. “I should monitor my mood changes closely.”
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it shows a misconception about bipolar disorder treatment. Stopping medications when feeling better can lead to a relapse or worsening of symptoms. Choice A is correct because medication adherence is crucial in managing bipolar disorder. Choice B is also a good strategy as stress management is important in symptom control. Choice D is a proactive approach to self-awareness and can help in recognizing early signs of mood changes.
3. Atenolol hydrochloride (Tenormin) is prescribed for a hospitalized client. The nurse should perform which of the following as a priority action before administering the medication?
- A. Listen to the client's lung sounds.
- B. Check the client's blood pressure.
- C. Check the recent electrolyte levels.
- D. Assess the client for muscle weakness.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Atenolol hydrochloride is a beta-blocker used to treat hypertension. Checking the client's blood pressure is crucial before administration.
4. Following a lumbar puncture, a client voices several complaints. What complaint indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing a complication?
- A. I am having pain in my lower back when I move my legs
- B. My throat hurts when I swallow
- C. I feel sick to my stomach and am going to throw up
- D. I have a headache that gets worse when I sit up
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. A post-lumbar puncture headache, ranging from mild to severe, may occur as a result of leakage of cerebrospinal fluid at the puncture site. This complication is usually managed by bed rest, analgesics, and hydration. Choices A, B, and C do not directly indicate complications associated with a lumbar puncture. Pain in the lower back when moving legs, a sore throat when swallowing, and nausea with a feeling of vomiting are not typical complications of lumbar puncture.
5. A client with heart failure is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
- A. Heart rate of 60 beats per minute
- B. Blood pressure of 100/60 mmHg
- C. Presence of a new murmur
- D. Crackles in the lungs
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Crackles in the lungs. Crackles indicate fluid overload in the lungs, a critical sign in a client with heart failure. This finding suggests that the furosemide may not be effectively managing the fluid balance, and immediate intervention is required. Choices A, B, and C are not immediate concerns in this scenario. A heart rate of 60 beats per minute, a blood pressure of 100/60 mmHg, and the presence of a new murmur are findings that may require monitoring or intervention but are not as urgent as crackles in the lungs in a client with heart failure.