HESI RN
Quizlet Mental Health HESI
1. A client is admitted for bipolar disorder and alcohol withdrawal, depressive phase. Based on which assessment finding will the RN withhold the clonidine (Catapres) prescription?
- A. Blood pressure readings of 90/62 mmHg to 92/58 mmHg.
- B. Pulse rate of 68-78 BPM.
- C. Temperature of 99.5-99.7°F.
- D. Respiration rate of 24 breaths per minute.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A. Clonidine, such as Catapres, is a medication that can lower blood pressure. Therefore, if a client has low blood pressure readings, like 90/62 mmHg to 92/58 mmHg, the registered nurse should withhold the clonidine prescription to prevent further lowering of blood pressure which could lead to adverse effects. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are within normal ranges and do not present a contraindication for the administration of clonidine in this context.
2. A client who has agoraphobia (a fear of crowds) is beginning desensitization with the therapist, and the RN is reinforcing the process. Which intervention has the highest priority for this client’s plan of care?
- A. Encourage substitution of positive thoughts for negative ones.
- B. Establish trust by providing a calm, safe environment.
- C. Progressively expose the client to larger crowds.
- D. Encourage deep breathing when anxiety escalates in a crowd.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Establishing trust and providing a calm, safe environment is crucial when working with clients with agoraphobia undergoing desensitization therapy. This approach helps build a foundation of safety and security, allowing the client to feel more comfortable and supported during the exposure process. Encouraging positive thoughts (choice A) is important, but ensuring a safe environment takes precedence. Progressively exposing the client to larger crowds (choice C) should be done gradually and in a controlled manner; rushing this process can be overwhelming and counterproductive. Encouraging deep breathing (choice D) is a helpful coping mechanism, but creating a safe and trusting environment is the initial priority to facilitate successful desensitization therapy.
3. The nurse is using the CAGE questionnaire as a screening tool for a client who is seeking help because his wife said he had a drinking problem. What information should the nurse explore in-depth with the client based on this screening tool?
- A. Cancer screening result and gastritis daily alcohol intake.
- B. Consumption, liver enzyme gastrointestinal complaints, and bleeding.
- C. Efforts to cut down, annoyance with questions, guilt, and drinking as an eye-opener.
- D. Minimizes drinking, frequently misses family events, guilt about drinking, and amount of daily intake.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The CAGE questionnaire focuses on the client’s self-perception and behaviors related to drinking, such as efforts to cut down and guilt.
4. The healthcare provider documents the mental status of a female client who has been hospitalized for several days by court order. The client states, “I don’t need to be here” and tells the healthcare provider that she believes that the television talks to her. The healthcare provider should document these assessment findings in which section of the mental status exam?
- A. Level of concentration
- B. Insight and judgment
- C. Remote memory
- D. Mood and affect
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Insight and judgment should be documented as these findings assess the client’s awareness of their need for treatment and understanding of their condition. In this scenario, the client’s statement of not needing to be hospitalized and belief that the television talks to her reflect her insight into her situation and judgment regarding reality. The other options are incorrect: Level of concentration refers to the ability to focus and maintain attention; Remote memory evaluates the recall of past events and information; Mood and affect assess emotional state and expression, which are not directly reflected in the client's statements about her need for hospitalization and belief about the television.
5. A client is being treated with a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Constipation and urinary retention.
- B. Increased appetite and weight loss.
- C. Sedation and blurred vision.
- D. Insomnia and dry mouth.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Constipation and urinary retention. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are known to have anticholinergic side effects, which include constipation and urinary retention. These side effects occur due to the inhibition of cholinergic receptors, leading to decreased gastrointestinal motility and relaxation of the detrusor muscle in the bladder. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because increased appetite, weight loss, sedation, blurred vision, insomnia, and dry mouth are not typically associated with the use of TCAs. Monitoring for constipation and urinary retention is essential to prevent complications and ensure the client's safety.
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