which of the following organelles is the site of cellular respiration
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HESI RN

Biology Practice Test

1. Which of the following organelles is the site of cellular respiration?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mitochondria. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they generate most of the cell's supply of ATP through cellular respiration. The other organelles listed, such as the nucleus (choice A), lysosomes (choice C), and ribosomes (choice D), do not play a direct role in cellular respiration. The nucleus contains genetic material, lysosomes are involved in digestion and waste removal, and ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.

2. Which of the following options is the term used to represent alternative versions of a gene?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alleles. Alleles are different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome. They represent variations in a gene's DNA sequence. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms, while heterozygous and homozygous refer to different combinations of alleles in an individual, not the alternative versions of a gene.

3. Which organelle has the ability to hydrolyze fats, nucleic acids, proteins, and sugars?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Lysosomes. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that are capable of breaking down various biomolecules such as fats, nucleic acids, proteins, and sugars. This organelle acts as the 'digestive system' of the cell. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis, mitochondria are responsible for energy production, and ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, not the hydrolysis of biomolecules.

4. During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes gather on either side of the separating cell?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Telophase. During telophase, the chromosomes gather at opposite poles of the cell as the nuclear envelopes start to form around them, indicating the end of cell division. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because during metaphase, the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell; in anaphase, the chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles; and in prophase, the chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down, respectively.

5. Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, and steroid hormones?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the correct answer. It is responsible for the synthesis of lipids, including steroids, and also plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in protein synthesis and processing, not lipid or carbohydrate synthesis. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids, but not for their synthesis. Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis, not lipid or carbohydrate synthesis.

Similar Questions

Which of the following organelles is known as the cell's digestion center?
What cell structure is responsible for efficiently packaging DNA into a small volume to fit into the nucleus of a cell and protect the DNA structure and sequence?
Which of the following is the process that reduces cells originally classified as diploid to haploid?
During which stage of mitosis does the nuclear envelope begin to disappear and the chromosomes start attaching to the spindle forming along the cell's axis?
During cellular respiration, glycolysis takes place in the cytosol and produces how many molecules of ATP, pyruvate, and NADH?

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