HESI RN
Community Health HESI 2023 Quizlet
1. When visiting a community health clinic, a client's blood pressure is measured at 146/94. What information should the nurse provide the client?
- A. Participate in an exercise program for 6 weeks
- B. Obtain blood pressure daily for 2 weeks
- C. Increase dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids
- D. Begin a low sodium diet immediately
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the client to begin a low sodium diet immediately. High sodium intake can contribute to elevated blood pressure levels. By reducing sodium intake, blood pressure can be effectively lowered. Option A, participating in an exercise program, is beneficial for overall health but may not provide immediate impact on blood pressure. Option B, obtaining blood pressure daily for 2 weeks, may not address the underlying cause or provide immediate intervention. Option C, increasing dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids, though beneficial for heart health, may not have an immediate impact on lowering blood pressure compared to reducing sodium intake.
2. A client with rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. What is the most important teaching point for the nurse to provide?
- A. Take the medication with food to avoid gastrointestinal upset.
- B. Monitor for signs of infection, such as a sore throat.
- C. Increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
- D. Avoid direct sunlight to prevent photosensitivity.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The most important teaching point for a client prescribed methotrexate is to avoid direct sunlight to prevent photosensitivity. Methotrexate can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight, increasing the risk of sunburn and skin damage. Choices A, B, and C are important aspects of client care but are not specifically related to the side effect of photosensitivity caused by methotrexate.
3. A client with a traumatic brain injury becomes progressively less responsive to stimuli. The client has a 'Do Not Resuscitate' prescription, and the nurse observes that the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) has stopped turning the client from side to side as previously scheduled. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Advise the UAP to resume positioning the client on schedule
- B. Notify the healthcare provider
- C. Document the UAP's actions
- D. Discuss the situation with the client’s family
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Continuing to turn the client is crucial to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers, even if the client is less responsive. Advising the UAP to resume positioning the client on schedule is the most appropriate action in this situation. This action ensures that the client's care needs are met and helps prevent potential complications. Notifying the healthcare provider or documenting the UAP's actions may delay the necessary care for the client. Discussing the situation with the client's family is important but addressing the immediate care need of turning the client takes priority.
4. The healthcare provider prescribes exenatide (Byetta) for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who takes insulin. What is the appropriate intervention for the nurse?
- A. Administer the medication within 60 minutes before the morning and evening meal.
- B. Withhold the medication and question the prescription with the healthcare provider.
- C. Monitor the client for gastrointestinal side effects after administration of the medication.
- D. Withdraw the insulin from the Penlet into an insulin syringe to prepare for administration.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Exenatide (Byetta) is specifically indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is not recommended for clients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who are taking insulin. Choice A is incorrect because exenatide should not be administered to a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who takes insulin. Choice C is not the most appropriate initial action when the prescription is not suitable for the client. Choice D is unrelated to the administration of exenatide. Therefore, the appropriate intervention for the nurse is to withhold the medication and question the prescription with the healthcare provider to ensure the safety and appropriateness of the treatment plan for the client.
5. A 2-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her 17-year-old mother. When the nurse observes that the child is drinking sweetened soda from her bottle, what information should the nurse discuss with this mother?
- A. A 2-year-old should be speaking in 2-word phrases
- B. Dental caries is associated with drinking soda
- C. Drinking soda is related to childhood obesity
- D. Toddlers should be sleeping 10 hours a night
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Dental caries are a common concern when children consume sweetened sodas regularly.