HESI RN
Community Health HESI 2023
1. The school nurse is preparing a presentation on the importance of physical activity for elementary school students. Which benefit should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Improved academic performance
- B. Increased social interactions
- C. Enhanced physical strength
- D. Better sleep patterns
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Improved academic performance. Physical activity has been shown to improve academic performance by enhancing concentration and cognitive function. This benefit is particularly important for elementary school students who are developing foundational skills. Choice B, increased social interactions, while important for overall development, may not directly relate to the academic aspect that the nurse is focusing on. Choice C, enhanced physical strength, is a valid benefit of physical activity but may not be as relevant to academic performance as the ability to concentrate and learn. Choice D, better sleep patterns, is also a valuable outcome of physical activity but is not as directly linked to academic performance as improved cognitive function.
2. A client taking furosemide (Lasix) reports difficulty sleeping. What question is important for the nurse to ask the client?
- A. What dose of medication are you taking?
- B. Are you eating foods rich in potassium?
- C. Have you lost weight recently?
- D. At what time do you take your medication?
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The nurse needs to determine at what time of day the client takes the Lasix. Due to the diuretic effect of Lasix, clients should take the medication in the morning to prevent nocturia, which may be contributing to the sleep difficulties. Asking about the dose of medication (Choice A) is important but addressing the timing of intake is more crucial in this situation. Inquiring about potassium-rich foods (Choice B) is relevant for clients on potassium-sparing diuretics. Weight loss (Choice C) may be relevant for monitoring the client's overall health but is not directly related to the sleep issue in this case.
3. While assessing an older client's fall risk, the client reports living at home alone and never falling. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Suggest moving to an assisted living facility
- B. Continue to obtain client data needed to complete the fall risk survey
- C. Reduce the frequency of fall risk assessments for this client
- D. Confirm that the client is safe living alone
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to continue obtaining client data to complete the fall risk survey. Even though the client reports never falling, it is essential to assess all fall risk factors comprehensively. Fall risk surveys provide valuable information on mobility, vision, medications, and other factors that can impact safety. Option A is incorrect because suggesting moving to an assisted living facility is premature without completing the fall risk assessment. Option C is incorrect as reducing the frequency of fall risk assessments could overlook potential risk factors. Option D is incorrect as the client's statement alone is not enough to confirm their safety living alone; a thorough assessment is necessary.
4. When should the surgical correction of hypospadias in a newborn infant typically be done?
- A. Repair should be done by one month to prevent bladder infection.
- B. To form a proper urethra repair, it should be done after sexual maturity.
- C. Repairs typically should be done before the child is potty trained.
- D. Delaying the repair until school age reduces castration fears.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Surgical repairs for hypospadias are typically recommended to be performed before the child is potty trained. This timing helps in avoiding complications, ensures better outcomes, and makes the surgical process smoother. Early correction also minimizes the psychological impact on the child regarding genital differences and can improve long-term psychological well-being. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because repairing hypospadias at one month to prevent bladder infection, after sexual maturity to form a proper urethra, or delaying the repair until school age to reduce castration fears are not the standard recommendations. The optimal timing for surgical correction is before the child is potty trained to achieve the best results and psychological outcomes.
5. A child with Graves' disease who is taking propranolol (Inderal) is seen in the clinic. The nurse should monitor the child for which therapeutic response?
- A. Increased weight gain
- B. Decreased heart rate
- C. Reduced headaches
- D. Diminished fatigue
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a child with Graves' disease is prescribed propranolol (Inderal), the nurse should monitor for a decreased heart rate as a therapeutic response. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that acts to slow down the heart rate, which is beneficial in managing the symptoms of Graves' disease, such as tachycardia and other cardiovascular manifestations. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because propranolol is not typically associated with increased weight gain, reduced headaches, or diminished fatigue as its primary therapeutic effect in this context.