ATI LPN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2019 Answers
1. Which nutrient has a protein-sparing effect?
- A. Glycerol
- B. Carbohydrate
- C. Nitrogen
- D. Fatty acids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Carbohydrates have a protein-sparing effect, meaning that adequate carbohydrate intake can prevent the use of protein for energy. Glycerol, nitrogen, and fatty acids do not have a protein-sparing effect. Glycerol is a component of fats and oils, nitrogen is a component of proteins, and fatty acids are used primarily as an energy source.
2. The nurse is caring for a client receiving anticoagulant therapy. Which instruction should the nurse reinforce with the client to prevent bleeding complications?
- A. Use a soft-bristle toothbrush and electric razor.
- B. Increase your intake of vitamin K-rich foods.
- C. Take aspirin if you have a headache.
- D. Avoid using ice packs for injuries.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction to prevent bleeding complications in a client on anticoagulant therapy is to use a soft-bristle toothbrush and an electric razor. These implements help reduce the risk of bleeding by being gentle on the skin and reducing the chances of cuts or abrasions that could lead to bleeding in individuals on anticoagulants. Choice B is incorrect because increasing intake of vitamin K-rich foods can interfere with the action of anticoagulants. Choice C is incorrect as aspirin is a blood thinner and can increase the risk of bleeding when combined with anticoagulant therapy. Choice D is incorrect as ice packs can help reduce bleeding and swelling in injuries, but in a client on anticoagulant therapy, it is important to avoid potential trauma to the skin that could lead to bleeding.
3. A healthcare provider is assessing a client who has a long arm cast. Which of the following findings indicates a moderate complication when assessing for acute compartment syndrome?
- A. Shortness of breath
- B. Petechiae
- C. Change in mental status
- D. Edema
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Edema is a common sign of acute compartment syndrome, which is a medical emergency caused by increased pressure within a muscle compartment, requiring immediate intervention. Shortness of breath (Choice A) is more indicative of a respiratory issue rather than acute compartment syndrome. Petechiae (Choice B) are pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin due to bleeding under the skin and are not typically associated with acute compartment syndrome. Change in mental status (Choice C) is more suggestive of neurological issues rather than acute compartment syndrome.
4. A client with moderate anxiety disorder is being taught stress management techniques by a nurse. Which response by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will take a walk to reduce my anxiety
- B. I will imagine myself in a calm place when I can't concentrate
- C. I will meditate every other week
- D. I will cut back on my caffeine intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because imagining oneself in a calm place is a relaxation technique that helps reduce anxiety. Walking, meditating every other week, or cutting back on caffeine intake may have their benefits, but they are not as directly related to the immediate management of anxiety as the visualization technique described in option B.
5. Nurses on a unit provide personal hygiene, administer medications, educate patients, and provide emotional support. The nurses are providing patient care based on which nursing delivery system?
- A. total patient care
- B. team nursing
- C. functional nursing
- D. partnership nursing
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, total patient care. Total patient care refers to a nursing delivery system where one nurse is responsible for providing all aspects of care to the patient. In this system, the nurse assumes full responsibility for the patient's care, including personal hygiene, medication administration, patient education, and emotional support, ensuring comprehensive and individualized care. Choice B, team nursing, involves a team of healthcare providers working together to provide care to a group of patients. Choice C, functional nursing, divides tasks among different team members based on their skills and expertise. Choice D, partnership nursing, does not represent a recognized nursing delivery system, making it an incorrect option.
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