ATI LPN
PN Nutrition Assessment ATI
1. Why is it important to understand standard serving sizes of foods?
- A. it is easy to eat too much of some nutrients when choosing healthful foods.
- B. serving sizes have generally decreased over the past few decades.
- C. most people have difficulty estimating the amount of food they eat.
- D. food portions need to be weighed to check serving sizes accurately.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Understanding serving sizes is crucial because most people have difficulty estimating the amount of food they eat. It helps individuals accurately track their intake, which is essential for maintaining a healthy diet and avoiding overeating. Choice A is incorrect because the question focuses on portion sizes rather than specific nutrients. Choice B is incorrect as it presents an unsupported claim about serving sizes decreasing. Choice D is incorrect as weighing food portions is not always necessary to check serving sizes; understanding standard serving sizes allows for a more practical approach to portion control.
2. A client with a diagnosis of angina pectoris returns to the nursing unit after experiencing an angioplasty. The nurse reinforces instructions to the client regarding the procedure and home care measures. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
- A. I am considering cutting my workload.
- B. I need to cut down on cigarette smoking.
- C. I am so relieved that my heart is repaired.
- D. I need to adhere to my dietary restrictions.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because adhering to dietary restrictions is crucial in managing heart health post-angioplasty. Choice A focuses on workload, choice B mentions smoking, and choice C reflects relief about heart repair, which are important but do not directly relate to post-angioplasty care instructions.
3. A client has a new prescription for a potassium-sparing diuretic. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?
- A. Bananas
- B. Oranges
- C. Spinach
- D. Apples
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Clients on potassium-sparing diuretics need to avoid high-potassium foods to prevent hyperkalemia. Apples are a low-potassium fruit, making them a suitable recommendation for clients on this type of diuretic. Bananas, oranges, and spinach are high-potassium foods that should be avoided by clients taking potassium-sparing diuretics to prevent complications such as hyperkalemia.
4. A client newly diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome is being taught by a nurse. Which statement indicates that the client understands the teaching?
- A. “I can expect swelling in my hands and on my face.”
- B. “The amount of protein in my blood is high.”
- C. “I might have some pain and gas in my stomach from this condition.”
- D. “I will use a soft bristle toothbrush, so my gums don’t bleed.”
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: “I can expect swelling in my hands and on my face.” Nephrotic syndrome leads to increased permeability of the glomeruli, resulting in edema, especially in the face and dependent areas. Choice B is incorrect because nephrotic syndrome leads to protein loss in the urine, not an increase in blood protein levels. Choice C is incorrect as stomach pain and gas are not typical symptoms of nephrotic syndrome. Choice D is unrelated to the teaching about nephrotic syndrome and gum bleeding.
5. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric anatomy is correct?
- A. The child's trachea is more rigid and less prone to collapse.
- B. The occiput is proportionately larger when compared to an adult.
- C. Airway obstruction is common in children due to their large uvula.
- D. Relative to the overall size of the airway, a child's epiglottis is smaller.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The occiput, the back part of the head, is proportionately larger in children compared to adults, which can have implications for airway management techniques. This anatomical difference is important to consider when providing care to pediatric patients, especially during airway interventions.
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