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PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a dose of potassium chloride. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?
- A. Administer rapidly
- B. Dilute the medication before administration
- C. Give it as a bolus
- D. Administer it intramuscularly
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action when administering potassium chloride is to dilute the medication before administration. Potassium chloride is a highly concentrated solution that can cause irritation and potential complications if not properly diluted. Administering it rapidly (choice A) can lead to adverse effects. Giving it as a bolus (choice C) or administering it intramuscularly (choice D) are inappropriate routes for potassium chloride administration and can result in harm to the patient.
2. A nurse is teaching about measures to promote sleep with insomnia. What statement indicates understanding?
- A. Take naps throughout the day
- B. Reduce fluid intake 2 hours before bedtime
- C. Drink coffee to help stay awake
- D. Increase screen time before bed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Reducing fluid intake before bedtime helps prevent interruptions in sleep due to bathroom visits, which is crucial for individuals with insomnia. Taking naps throughout the day (choice A) may disrupt nighttime sleep. Drinking coffee (choice C) is counterproductive as it contains caffeine, which can interfere with falling asleep. Increasing screen time before bed (choice D) can negatively impact sleep quality due to the stimulating effects of screens.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about dietary modifications for a low-sodium diet. Which of the following should the nurse include?
- A. Limit intake of processed foods
- B. Increase intake of fresh fruits and vegetables
- C. Use of accessory muscles
- D. Monitor for allergic reactions
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to limit intake of processed foods. Processed foods are often high in sodium, which goes against the goal of a low-sodium diet. Fresh fruits and vegetables are recommended for a low-sodium diet due to their natural low sodium content. The use of accessory muscles and monitoring for allergic reactions are not related to dietary modifications for a low-sodium diet.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of levetiracetam. Which of the following should be included in the teaching?
- A. It can cause weight loss
- B. Monitor for mood changes
- C. It is an over-the-counter medication
- D. It has no side effects
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Levetiracetam can cause mood changes and behavioral side effects, so clients should be monitored for these effects. Choice A is incorrect because levetiracetam is not typically associated with weight loss. Choice C is incorrect as levetiracetam is a prescription medication, not available over the counter. Choice D is incorrect as all medications, including levetiracetam, have potential side effects.
5. A healthcare provider is educating a patient on the use of alendronate. Which of the following should be included?
- A. Take it with food
- B. Take it once a week
- C. It can be taken at bedtime
- D. Monitor for increased appetite
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Take it once a week.' Alendronate is typically taken once a week to treat osteoporosis. It should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning with a full glass of water. Choice A is incorrect because alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach, not with food. Choice C is incorrect because alendronate should be taken in the morning, not at bedtime. Choice D is unrelated to alendronate use and not a common side effect associated with this medication.
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