LPN LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. When educating a client about valproic acid, which instruction is essential?
- A. Monitor for rash
- B. Expect weight loss
- C. Consider it safe during pregnancy
- D. Purchase it over-the-counter
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to monitor for rash. Valproic acid can lead to severe skin rashes, and patients must be vigilant to report any rash promptly. Choice B is incorrect as valproic acid is more likely to cause weight gain. Choice C is incorrect because valproic acid is associated with birth defects and should be avoided during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as valproic acid is a prescription medication and not available over-the-counter.
2. A community health nurse is reviewing information about infectious diseases with the nurses on her team. The nurse should remind the team that which of the following diseases is included in the list of nationally notifiable infectious diseases?
- A. Influenza
- B. Tuberculosis
- C. Gonorrhea
- D. Hepatitis B
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Gonorrhea. Gonorrhea is a reportable sexually transmitted disease, and healthcare providers must report cases to the CDC to track and prevent outbreaks. Influenza, Tuberculosis, and Hepatitis B are not nationally notifiable infectious diseases. Influenza is monitored for its epidemiology and impact on public health, but it is not classified as nationally notifiable. Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B are not included in the list of diseases that healthcare providers are required to report to public health authorities.
3. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client after a myocardial infarction. Which of the following should be included?
- A. Resume normal activities immediately
- B. Monitor for chest pain and report any recurrence
- C. Avoid all physical activity for 6 months
- D. Take medications only as needed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Monitor for chest pain and report any recurrence.' After a myocardial infarction, it is crucial for clients to be vigilant about any signs of chest pain as it could indicate a recurrent event. Prompt reporting of chest pain can lead to timely intervention, preventing further complications. Choice A is incorrect because resuming normal activities immediately after a heart attack can be dangerous and is not recommended. Choice C is also incorrect as avoiding all physical activity for 6 months is excessive and can lead to deconditioning. Choice D is incorrect as medications prescribed after a myocardial infarction are usually meant to be taken regularly as prescribed, not just as needed.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of iron supplement. Which of the following should the nurse do?
- A. Give it with milk
- B. Administer it on an empty stomach
- C. Check blood pressure
- D. Monitor for allergic reactions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer it on an empty stomach. Iron supplements are best absorbed on an empty stomach to enhance their absorption. It is important to avoid giving them with milk or dairy products as these can inhibit iron absorption. Checking blood pressure and monitoring for allergic reactions are not directly related to the administration of iron supplements and are not the primary considerations in this case.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving radiation treatments for cancer. The client states he is experiencing dryness, redness, and scaling at the treatment area. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to do?
- A. Sit in the sun for 15 minutes per day.
- B. Apply moist heat to the area twice daily.
- C. Liberally apply prescribed lotion to the area.
- D. Wash the affected area daily with antimicrobial soap.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to liberally apply prescribed lotion to the treatment area. Prescribed hydrating lotions help soothe and protect irradiated skin, reducing dryness, redness, and scaling. Sitting in the sun can further damage the skin. Applying moist heat may exacerbate the skin condition. Washing the area with antimicrobial soap can be too harsh and further irritate the skin.
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