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PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. A nurse is teaching about measures to promote sleep with insomnia. What statement indicates understanding?
- A. Take naps throughout the day
- B. Reduce fluid intake 2 hours before bedtime
- C. Drink coffee to help stay awake
- D. Increase screen time before bed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Reducing fluid intake before bedtime helps prevent interruptions in sleep due to bathroom visits, which is crucial for individuals with insomnia. Taking naps throughout the day (choice A) may disrupt nighttime sleep. Drinking coffee (choice C) is counterproductive as it contains caffeine, which can interfere with falling asleep. Increasing screen time before bed (choice D) can negatively impact sleep quality due to the stimulating effects of screens.
2. A home health nurse is providing teaching to a family of a client who has seizure manifestations as a result of an inoperable brain tumor. What intervention should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Administer antiseizure medications promptly.
- B. Use oral airway devices during seizures.
- C. Pad the side rails of the bed.
- D. Apply restraints during the seizure to prevent injury.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct intervention the nurse should include in the teaching is to pad the side rails of the bed. By padding the side rails, the nurse can help prevent injury if the patient experiences a seizure. Administering antiseizure medications promptly (Choice A) is typically the responsibility of a healthcare provider or according to a prescribed schedule. Using oral airway devices during seizures (Choice B) can pose risks and should be managed by healthcare professionals. Applying restraints during a seizure (Choice D) is not recommended as it can lead to further injury and complications.
3. A nurse is planning a staff education session regarding biological weapons of mass destruction. What should the nurse include in the session?
- A. Rabies, cholera, meningitis
- B. Smallpox, anthrax, botulism
- C. Ebola, hepatitis B, tetanus
- D. Tuberculosis, influenza, measles
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smallpox, anthrax, botulism. These are known biological weapons that can be used in mass casualty situations. Rabies, cholera, and meningitis (Choice A) are not typically used as biological weapons. Ebola, hepatitis B, and tetanus (Choice C) are serious diseases but are not commonly associated with biological warfare. Tuberculosis, influenza, and measles (Choice D) are infectious diseases but are not typically used as biological weapons of mass destruction.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of nitrofurantoin. Which of the following should be included?
- A. It can cause a brown discoloration of urine
- B. It should be taken with food
- C. It has no side effects
- D. It is safe during pregnancy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Nitrofurantoin can cause a harmless brown discoloration of urine. Choice B is also correct as it should be taken with food to enhance absorption. Choice C is incorrect as nitrofurantoin does have side effects, such as gastrointestinal disturbances. Choice D is incorrect as nitrofurantoin is not recommended during the last month of pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus.
5. A nurse is discussing immunity with a client who has received an immunization. The nurse should identify that an immunization functions as part of which type of immunity?
- A. Innate immunity
- B. Passive immunity
- C. Acquired immunity
- D. Natural immunity
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Acquired immunity. Acquired immunity occurs when an individual is given a vaccine or immunization to develop antibodies. This type of immunity is specific and develops after exposure to an antigen. Innate immunity (choice A) is the body's natural defense system present at birth. Passive immunity (choice B) is temporary immunity passed from one individual to another. Natural immunity (choice D) refers to immunity that is not gained through medical intervention or deliberate exposure.
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