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PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. A healthcare professional is assessing a client with a history of heart disease. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional monitor?
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Weight
- C. Heart rhythm
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring blood pressure, weight, and heart rhythm is crucial in clients with a history of heart disease as these parameters can indicate changes in the cardiovascular status. Changes in blood pressure can signify heart strain, weight fluctuations can be related to fluid retention or heart failure, and irregular heart rhythm can indicate arrhythmias or other cardiac issues. Monitoring all these parameters comprehensively allows for early detection of potential complications and timely intervention. Therefore, selecting 'All of the above' is the correct choice as it encompasses all the essential parameters for monitoring in clients with heart disease. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as monitoring only one or two of these parameters may lead to missing important changes in the client's condition.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Define the characteristics of the ulcer.
- A. Intact skin with nonblanchable redness (Stage 1)
- B. Full-thickness tissue loss with subQ damage (Stage 3)
- C. Partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis and dermis
- D. Full-thickness tissue loss with damage to muscle or bone (Stage 4)
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Stage 2 ulcers involve partial-thickness skin loss with visible and superficial damage, which may appear as an abrasion, blister, or shallow crater. Choice A describes a Stage 1 pressure ulcer characterized by intact skin with nonblanchable redness. Choice B describes a Stage 3 pressure ulcer with full-thickness tissue loss and damage to the subcutaneous tissue. Choice D is indicative of a Stage 4 pressure ulcer, involving full-thickness tissue loss with damage extending to muscle or bone.
3. A home health nurse is providing teaching to a family of a client who has seizure manifestations as a result of an inoperable brain tumor. What intervention should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Administer antiseizure medications promptly.
- B. Use oral airway devices during seizures.
- C. Pad the side rails of the bed.
- D. Apply restraints during the seizure to prevent injury.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct intervention the nurse should include in the teaching is to pad the side rails of the bed. By padding the side rails, the nurse can help prevent injury if the patient experiences a seizure. Administering antiseizure medications promptly (Choice A) is typically the responsibility of a healthcare provider or according to a prescribed schedule. Using oral airway devices during seizures (Choice B) can pose risks and should be managed by healthcare professionals. Applying restraints during a seizure (Choice D) is not recommended as it can lead to further injury and complications.
4. A healthcare provider is educating a patient on the use of alendronate. Which of the following should be included?
- A. Take it with food
- B. Take it once a week
- C. It can be taken at bedtime
- D. Monitor for increased appetite
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Take it once a week.' Alendronate is typically taken once a week to treat osteoporosis. It should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning with a full glass of water. Choice A is incorrect because alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach, not with food. Choice C is incorrect because alendronate should be taken in the morning, not at bedtime. Choice D is unrelated to alendronate use and not a common side effect associated with this medication.
5. A nurse is teaching about measures to promote sleep with insomnia. What statement indicates understanding?
- A. Take naps throughout the day
- B. Reduce fluid intake 2 hours before bedtime
- C. Drink coffee to help stay awake
- D. Increase screen time before bed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Reducing fluid intake before bedtime helps prevent interruptions in sleep due to bathroom visits, which is crucial for individuals with insomnia. Taking naps throughout the day (choice A) may disrupt nighttime sleep. Drinking coffee (choice C) is counterproductive as it contains caffeine, which can interfere with falling asleep. Increasing screen time before bed (choice D) can negatively impact sleep quality due to the stimulating effects of screens.
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