Nursing Elites

1. The primary responsibility for nutrition care of people in the community belongs to the:

• A. community physician.
• B. public health nurse.
• C. public health nutritionist.
• D. registered dietitian.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Public health nutritionists work within communities to ensure that populations have access to nutritional resources. They focus on promoting good nutrition, developing programs, and educating the public about healthy eating habits. While community physicians, public health nurses, and registered dietitians may also play roles in promoting nutrition in the community, the primary responsibility for nutrition care typically falls under the purview of public health nutritionists.

2. The process of breaking down body protein into amino acids for energy is known as:

• A. Deamination.
• B. Transamination.
• C. Transcription.
• D. Catabolism.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Catabolism. Catabolism involves the breakdown of body proteins into amino acids to be used as energy when there is an inadequate dietary intake. Choices A and B, deamination and transamination, involve the removal and transfer of amino groups, respectively, but not the breakdown of body proteins. Choice C, transcription, is a process in genetics where DNA is used to create mRNA, not related to breaking down body proteins.

3. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning was devised by the American Dietetic Association in collaboration with which organization?

• A. the American Cancer Society
• B. the American Diabetes Association
• C. the American Heart Association
• D. the Culinary Institute of America

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: the American Diabetes Association. The American Dietetic Association collaborated with the American Diabetes Association to devise the Exchange Lists for Meal Planning. This collaboration aimed to assist individuals, especially those with diabetes, in planning balanced meals. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they were not involved in the development of the Exchange Lists.

4. What is the mechanism that is essential for the absorption of monosaccharides?

• A. Phosphorylation
• B. Active transport
• C. Passive diffusion
• D. Facilitated diffusion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Active transport is the mechanism essential for the absorption of monosaccharides in the intestine. This process requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, allowing for the absorption of monosaccharides efficiently. Phosphorylation, the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule, is not directly involved in the absorption of monosaccharides. Passive diffusion, a process that does not require energy, is not the primary mechanism for absorbing monosaccharides due to their large size. Facilitated diffusion, a type of passive transport that involves carrier proteins, is not the primary mechanism for monosaccharide absorption, as monosaccharides require active transport for efficient absorption.

5. What are the rhythmic contractions that propel food through the intestinal tract called?

• A. Segmentation
• B. Peristalsis
• C. Cardiospasm
• D. Pendular movements

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Peristalsis is the correct answer because it refers to the rhythmic contractions that propel food through the intestinal tract by pushing it along the digestive system. Segmentation, on the other hand, refers to the mixing movements in the intestines rather than the forward movement of food. Cardiospasm is a condition characterized by difficulty swallowing due to the inability of the esophagus to relax, and pendular movements are a type of motility found in the small intestine but do not specifically refer to the propulsion of food.

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