LPN LPN
LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions
1. A healthcare provider is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of the following foods should the healthcare provider include as an example of an incomplete protein?
- A. Eggs
- B. Soybeans
- C. Lentils
- D. Yogurt
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lentils. Incomplete proteins lack one or more essential amino acids required for protein synthesis in the body. Examples of incomplete proteins include lentils, vegetables, grains, nuts, and seeds. Lentils, a plant-based protein source, are considered incomplete as they do not contain all essential amino acids in sufficient amounts. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as eggs, soybeans, and yogurt are examples of complete proteins, containing all essential amino acids in the right proportions for the body's needs.
2. A client with osteoporosis is being taught about dietary management. Which statement indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should increase my intake of foods high in vitamin D.
- B. I should decrease my intake of foods high in calcium.
- C. I should increase my intake of foods high in phosphorus.
- D. I should decrease my intake of foods high in potassium.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Increasing intake of foods high in vitamin D is beneficial for improving calcium absorption and managing osteoporosis. Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium, which is essential for bone health and can aid in managing osteoporosis effectively. Choice B is incorrect because reducing calcium intake would be counterproductive for a client with osteoporosis, as calcium is crucial for bone strength. Choice C is incorrect as phosphorus, while important for bone health, does not directly impact osteoporosis management as much as vitamin D and calcium. Choice D is incorrect as potassium is not directly linked to osteoporosis management, and reducing its intake is not typically part of dietary recommendations for osteoporosis.
3. When assisting a client with bilateral casts on her hands with feeding, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Sit at the bedside when feeding the client
- B. Provide pureed foods
- C. Ensure feedings are provided at room temperature
- D. Offer the client a drink of fluid after every bite
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When assisting a client with bilateral casts on her hands with feeding, the nurse should sit at the bedside. This action is crucial to provide the client with the nurse's full attention during the feeding process. Sitting at the bedside helps avoid appearing rushed and ensures a safe and comfortable environment for the client. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they may be relevant in other situations, the priority when assisting a client with bilateral casts on her hands is to ensure proper attention and a comfortable setting during feeding.
4. A client with pancreatitis is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should increase my intake of high-fat foods.
- B. I should decrease my intake of high-fat foods.
- C. I should increase my intake of high-protein foods.
- D. I should decrease my intake of high-protein foods.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Decreasing the intake of high-fat foods is essential in managing pancreatitis as high-fat foods can exacerbate symptoms and lead to complications. By reducing high-fat foods in their diet, the client demonstrates an understanding of the dietary management needed for pancreatitis. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing high-fat foods (Choice A) is not recommended for pancreatitis as it can worsen the condition. While high-protein foods (Choice C) can be beneficial in some cases, the primary focus in pancreatitis management is on reducing fat intake. Decreasing high-protein foods (Choice D) is not a key dietary management approach for pancreatitis.
5. A client with hypertension is being taught about the DASH diet. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should increase my intake of sodium-rich foods.
- B. I should decrease my intake of potassium-rich foods.
- C. I should increase my intake of fruits and vegetables.
- D. I should decrease my intake of whole grains.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for managing hypertension. Increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables is a key component of the DASH diet as these foods are rich in nutrients that can help lower blood pressure levels. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they go against the principles of the DASH diet, which focuses on reducing sodium intake, increasing potassium-rich foods, and consuming whole grains.
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