LPN LPN
ATI NCLEX PN Predictor Test
1. A nurse is educating a client on how to use a cane due to left-leg weakness. What should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Use the cane on the stronger side
- B. Advance the cane and the weaker leg at the same time
- C. Use the cane on the weaker side
- D. Advance the cane 30 to 45 cm (12-18 in) with each step
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to use the cane on the stronger side. By doing so, the client will have better support and balance. Choice B is incorrect because advancing the cane and the weaker leg at the same time may lead to instability and falls. Choice C is incorrect as using the cane on the weaker side does not provide optimal support. Choice D is incorrect as advancing the cane 30 to 45 cm (12-18 in) with each step is not a standard recommendation for cane use.
2. A nurse at a long-term care facility is part of a team preparing a report on the quality of care at the facility. Which of the following information should the nurse recommend including in the report to demonstrate improvement in care quality?
- A. Increased admissions
- B. 12% fewer urinary tract infections
- C. Increased mortality rate
- D. No changes in staffing
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: '12% fewer urinary tract infections.' Tracking infections, such as UTIs, is crucial in assessing care quality improvements as the reduction in infections indicates better infection control practices and overall quality of care. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increased admissions (Choice A) do not directly reflect improvements in care quality. Increased mortality rate (Choice C) is a negative outcome and demonstrates a decline in care quality. No changes in staffing (Choice D) do not provide direct evidence of care quality improvements.
3. A client with coronary artery disease (CAD) is being taught about lifestyle changes by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Increase your intake of red meat
- B. Increase physical activity to 150 minutes per week
- C. Avoid foods high in fiber
- D. Increase sodium intake to 2,300 mg per day
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Increase physical activity to 150 minutes per week.' Increasing physical activity is essential for clients with CAD as it helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Choice A is incorrect as red meat is high in saturated fats, which can be detrimental for CAD. Choice C is incorrect as foods high in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, are beneficial for heart health. Choice D is incorrect as increasing sodium intake can lead to hypertension and worsen CAD.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is constipated. What intervention is most appropriate?
- A. Administer a laxative to relieve discomfort
- B. Encourage the client to increase dietary fiber intake
- C. Encourage the client to rest until symptoms resolve
- D. Administer a stool softener as prescribed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate intervention for constipation is to encourage the client to increase dietary fiber intake. Fiber helps promote bowel movements and relieve constipation by adding bulk to the stool. Administering a laxative (Choice A) should not be the first-line intervention as it can lead to dependence. Encouraging rest (Choice C) is not directly helpful in relieving constipation. While administering a stool softener (Choice D) can be beneficial, increasing fiber intake is generally preferred as the initial intervention.
5. A client is learning about preventing hip dislocation before total hip arthroplasty. Which instruction should be included?
- A. Avoid bending the hip more than 90 degrees
- B. Avoid lying on the unaffected side
- C. Avoid crossing the legs at the knees
- D. Avoid keeping the legs in a neutral position
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction to prevent hip dislocation after total hip arthroplasty is to avoid crossing the legs at the knees. This position can put stress on the hip joint and increase the risk of dislocation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Bending the hip more than 90 degrees, lying on the unaffected side, or keeping the legs in a neutral position are not directly related to preventing hip dislocation in this context.
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