LPN LPN
Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam
1. Where does carbohydrate digestion begin?
- A. Mouth
- B. Esophagus
- C. Stomach
- D. Small intestine
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth. The enzyme amylase, found in saliva, starts the process by breaking down starches into sugars. The esophagus is a passageway for food to reach the stomach and does not participate in digestion. The stomach mainly digests proteins and is not the primary site for carbohydrate breakdown. While the small intestine does play a crucial role in digesting carbohydrates, it is not where the process initiates. Therefore, the correct answer is the mouth.
2. Which of the following foods is the best source of omega-3 fatty acids?
- A. Salmon
- B. Chicken
- C. Spinach
- D. Eggs
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Salmon is the correct answer as it is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA and DHA, which are known to be beneficial for heart health. Chicken, spinach, and eggs do not contain significant levels of omega-3 fatty acids compared to salmon. While eggs do contain some omega-3s, the amount is considerably lower than what is found in fatty fish like salmon.
3. Which cells in the islet of the pancreas are responsible for synthesizing insulin?
- A. Alpha cells
- B. Beta cells
- C. Gamma cells
- D. Delta cells
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas are responsible for the production and secretion of insulin, which is crucial for regulating blood glucose levels. Alpha cells, on the other hand, produce glucagon, a hormone that raises blood glucose levels. Gamma cells and Delta cells do not exist in the islets of Langerhans; therefore, they are incorrect choices.
4. Can bacterial plaque metabolize sucrose, lactose, and fructose? Is fructose, also known as levulose and found naturally in honey, less cariogenic than sucrose and lactose?
- A. Yes, bacterial plaque can metabolize these sugars, but no, fructose is not less cariogenic.
- B. No, bacterial plaque cannot metabolize these sugars, and fructose is not less cariogenic.
- C. Yes, bacterial plaque can metabolize these sugars, but no, fructose is not less cariogenic.
- D. No, bacterial plaque cannot metabolize these sugars, but yes, fructose is less cariogenic.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The first statement is correct as bacterial plaque can indeed metabolize sucrose, lactose, and fructose. However, the second statement is inaccurate. Fructose, despite being found naturally in honey and known also as levulose, is not less cariogenic than either sucrose or lactose. This means that its consumption does not result in fewer cavities or tooth decay. Therefore, the correct answer is that bacterial plaque can metabolize these sugars, but fructose is not less cariogenic. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they either wrongly assert that bacterial plaque cannot metabolize these sugars or wrongly claim that fructose is less cariogenic.
5. Sucrose consists of a combination of glucose and:
- A. maltose.
- B. fructose.
- C. galactose.
- D. lactose.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, fructose. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. Maltose (choice A) is composed of two glucose molecules, galactose (choice C) is a monosaccharide, and lactose (choice D) is composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose. Therefore, fructose is the correct choice for the second component of sucrose.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
ATI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99