LPN LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Quizlet
1. A healthcare professional is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following instructions should the healthcare professional include?
- A. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- B. Take aspirin for pain relief.
- C. Consume a consistent amount of green leafy vegetables.
- D. Use an electric razor when shaving.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Consuming a consistent amount of green leafy vegetables is important for clients taking warfarin as these foods contain vitamin K, which can affect the medication's effectiveness. Maintaining a consistent intake helps stabilize the International Normalized Ratio (INR) levels, which is crucial for monitoring the blood's ability to clot properly while on warfarin therapy. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Avoiding grapefruit juice is generally recommended with certain medications due to its interaction with liver enzymes, which is not directly related to warfarin. Taking aspirin along with warfarin can increase the risk of bleeding. Using an electric razor when shaving is a safety precaution for those at risk of bleeding, but it is not directly related to the medication warfarin.
2. A healthcare professional is planning care for a client who has a new prescription for a high-protein diet. Which of the following foods should the healthcare professional recommend?
- A. Nuts
- B. Bananas
- C. Potatoes
- D. Apples
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Nuts are an excellent source of protein and are suitable for a high-protein diet. They provide essential nutrients and can help the client meet their increased protein requirements. Bananas, potatoes, and apples are not high-protein foods and are not the best choice when aiming to increase protein intake.
3. A client with a new diagnosis of hypertension is receiving teaching from a healthcare provider. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will decrease my intake of potassium.
- B. I will increase my intake of vitamin K.
- C. I will decrease my intake of sodium.
- D. I will increase my intake of magnesium.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'I will decrease my intake of sodium.' Lowering sodium intake is essential in managing hypertension as it helps reduce blood pressure levels. Excess sodium can lead to fluid retention and increased blood volume, putting more strain on the heart and blood vessels. Therefore, this response indicates an understanding of the teaching provided. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because decreasing potassium intake, increasing vitamin K intake, and increasing magnesium intake are not primary dietary modifications recommended for hypertension. While potassium and magnesium can be beneficial for overall health, reducing sodium intake is the key dietary change to manage hypertension effectively.
4. When caring for a client with a hearing impairment, which of the following actions should the nurse take when speaking with the client?
- A. Speak in a high-pitched voice.
- B. Exaggerate lip movements.
- C. Face the client when speaking.
- D. Use a monotone voice.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When caring for a client with a hearing impairment, it is essential for the nurse to face the client when speaking. By facing the client, the nurse allows the individual to read lips and see facial expressions, which can significantly improve communication effectiveness. This approach facilitates better understanding and helps the client feel more connected during interactions. Speaking in a high-pitched voice (Choice A) is not recommended as it may distort speech sounds. Exaggerating lip movements (Choice B) can be patronizing and ineffective. Using a monotone voice (Choice D) lacks intonation that helps convey meaning and emotions in speech, making it harder for the client to understand.
5. A client has a new prescription for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Obtain a random blood glucose daily.
- B. Change the IV tubing every 72 hours.
- C. Apply a new dressing to the IV site every 24 hours.
- D. Weigh the client weekly.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a client is on total parenteral nutrition (TPN), monitoring blood glucose levels daily is crucial to manage and detect complications like hyperglycemia, which can occur due to the high glucose content in TPN solutions. Regular blood glucose monitoring helps the healthcare team adjust the TPN infusion rate to maintain optimal glucose levels and prevent adverse events. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because changing IV tubing every 72 hours, applying a new dressing to the IV site every 24 hours, and weighing the client weekly are not specific actions directly related to monitoring and managing the effects of TPN, particularly in relation to glucose levels.
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