LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quizlet
1. A healthcare professional is reviewing the medical history of a client with dementia. Which of the following findings should be addressed immediately?
- A. Frequent episodes of wandering at night
- B. Restlessness and agitation
- C. Mild confusion during the day
- D. Incontinence
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Restlessness and agitation in clients with dementia should be addressed immediately as they can indicate underlying causes such as pain, discomfort, or unmet needs. Addressing these symptoms promptly can help prevent the escalation of behavioral issues and improve the client's quality of life. While frequent episodes of wandering at night, mild confusion during the day, and incontinence are also important issues to address in clients with dementia, restlessness and agitation usually require immediate attention to ensure the safety and well-being of the client.
2. A nurse is teaching a client how to administer enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Inject the medication into the muscle of the thigh
- B. Massage the injection site after administration
- C. Pinch the skin before injecting
- D. Administer the medication at the same time each day
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for administering enoxaparin is to pinch the skin before injecting. Pinching the skin helps create a proper fold for subcutaneous injections like enoxaparin, ensuring proper delivery of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue. Choice A is incorrect because enoxaparin should be administered subcutaneously, not into the muscle. Injecting it into the muscle can lead to complications. Choice B is incorrect because massaging the injection site after administration can increase the risk of bleeding or bruising due to the anticoagulant properties of enoxaparin. Choice D is incorrect as it is a general instruction and does not specifically relate to the administration of enoxaparin.
3. A client is scheduled for a lumbar puncture. The nurse should assist the client into which of the following positions?
- A. Supine with head elevated
- B. Lateral recumbent
- C. Prone with arms at sides
- D. Sitting with back rounded
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct position for a lumbar puncture is the lateral recumbent position. This position allows the spine to curve naturally, widening the spaces between the vertebrae, making it easier and safer to perform the procedure. Supine with head elevated (Choice A) would not provide the proper positioning for a lumbar puncture as it does not allow for proper access to the lumbar area. Prone with arms at sides (Choice C) would not be suitable as it would not facilitate the procedure. Sitting with back rounded (Choice D) is also incorrect as it does not allow for the proper alignment of the spine needed for a lumbar puncture.
4. A client is undergoing radiation therapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent skin irritation?
- A. Apply heat packs to the area
- B. Use perfumed soap to cleanse the area
- C. Keep the area moist with lotion
- D. Avoid sun exposure to the treated area
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding sun exposure is crucial to prevent skin irritation and burns in clients undergoing radiation therapy. Radiation therapy makes the skin more sensitive to sunlight, increasing the risk of skin damage. Applying heat packs (choice A) can exacerbate skin irritation as heat can further irritate the skin that is already sensitive due to radiation. Using perfumed soap (choice B) can further irritate the skin due to its harsh chemicals, potentially worsening skin reactions. While keeping the area moist with lotion (choice C) may seem beneficial, some lotions contain ingredients that can worsen skin reactions during radiation therapy. Therefore, avoiding sun exposure to the treated area (choice D) is the most appropriate action to prevent skin irritation and damage during radiation therapy.
5. What are the nursing responsibilities when administering intravenous (IV) antibiotics?
- A. Verify the antibiotic dosage and check for allergies
- B. Administer the medication without verification
- C. Do not check for allergies or dosage
- D. Ensure the patient is allergic to antibiotics
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When administering IV antibiotics, it is essential for the nurse to verify the antibiotic dosage and check for any allergies the patient may have. This is crucial to ensure that the correct medication is being given at the proper dose and to prevent potential adverse reactions. Choice B is incorrect because administering medication without verification can lead to errors. Choice C is incorrect as it goes against safe medication administration practices. Choice D is incorrect as the focus should be on checking if the patient has allergies to antibiotics, not ensuring the patient is allergic to them.
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