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PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 A with NGN
1. A nurse is providing education on the use of aspirin. Which of the following should be included?
- A. It can increase the risk of bleeding
- B. It is safe to give to children
- C. It should be taken on an empty stomach
- D. It has no side effects
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'It can increase the risk of bleeding.' Aspirin is known to have antiplatelet effects and can increase the risk of bleeding, especially if taken in high doses or for prolonged periods. Choice B is incorrect because aspirin is not safe for children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome. Choice C is incorrect because aspirin should be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Choice D is incorrect because aspirin, like any medication, can have side effects, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, or allergic reactions.
2. A client has a new prescription for oxcarbazepine. Which of the following should the nurse monitor?
- A. Liver function
- B. Serum sodium levels
- C. Blood glucose
- D. Heart rate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serum sodium levels. Oxcarbazepine can lead to hyponatremia, making it crucial to monitor serum sodium levels. Monitoring liver function (choice A) is not typically associated with oxcarbazepine use. Blood glucose (choice C) monitoring is more relevant in medications affecting blood sugar levels. Heart rate (choice D) is not directly impacted by oxcarbazepine.
3. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a dose of naloxone. Which of the following should the healthcare professional assess?
- A. Heart rate
- B. Respiratory rate
- C. Blood pressure
- D. Temperature
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Correct. Naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, which can cause respiratory depression. Assessing the respiratory rate before administering naloxone is crucial to monitor the patient's breathing. Choices A, C, and D are important assessments in general patient care but are not specifically crucial before administering naloxone for opioid overdose.
4. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a dopamine infusion via a peripheral IV. Which of the following actions should the nurse take if the IV site appears infiltrated?
- A. Stop the infusion.
- B. Slow the infusion.
- C. Apply a warm compress to the site.
- D. Apply a cold compress to the site.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: If infiltration is suspected, the nurse should immediately stop the dopamine infusion to prevent further damage to the surrounding tissue. Choice A is the correct answer because continuing the infusion can lead to tissue damage and compromise the client's care. Slowing the infusion (Choice B) is not sufficient to prevent harm and may still cause damage. Applying a warm compress (Choice C) or a cold compress (Choice D) is not the recommended action for infiltration; stopping the infusion is crucial to prevent complications.
5. A nurse is caring for a client prescribed montelukast. Which of the following should the nurse include in teaching related to this medication?
- A. Advise the client to take the medication once daily at bedtime.
- B. This medication is for acute management of asthma.
- C. Avoid dairy products while taking this medication.
- D. If the client forgets to take the medication for a few days, he can double up on doses to catch up.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to advise the client to take the medication once daily at bedtime. Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier, is used for long-term therapy of asthma in adults and children, as well as to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm. It should be taken once daily in the evening for optimal effectiveness. Choice B is incorrect because montelukast is not for acute management but for long-term therapy. Choice C is incorrect as there is no need to avoid dairy products while taking montelukast. Choice D is incorrect and potentially harmful advice; clients should never double up on doses if they forget to take a medication.
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