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PN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 1 Quiz
1. A nurse is caring for a patient whose family member requests to view the patient’s medical record. What response should the nurse make?
- A. “The patient should provide permission to share the records with you.â€
- B. “You can view the records if the provider approves it.â€
- C. “I will allow you to see the chart if the patient is unable to give consent.â€
- D. “You need to fill out a request form.â€
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should respond by indicating that the patient needs to provide permission to share their medical records with the family member. Patient confidentiality is a fundamental principle in healthcare, and sharing medical records without the patient's consent is a violation of privacy. Choice B is incorrect because the provider's approval alone is not sufficient to share medical records, as patient consent is crucial. Choice C is incorrect because viewing the patient's chart without the patient's consent is not appropriate. Choice D is incorrect as filling out a request form does not address the issue of patient consent, which is essential for sharing medical information.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes who is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform first?
- A. Administer insulin
- B. Give the client a carbohydrate snack
- C. Call for assistance
- D. Monitor blood glucose
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to give the client a carbohydrate snack. When a client is experiencing hypoglycemia, the priority intervention is to raise their blood glucose levels quickly. Administering insulin (Choice A) would further lower the blood glucose levels and is contra-indicated in this situation. Calling for assistance (Choice C) may be necessary but is not the priority over addressing the low blood sugar. Monitoring blood glucose (Choice D) is important but not the initial action needed to raise blood glucose levels rapidly.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of alendronate. Which of the following should be included in the teaching?
- A. Take it with food
- B. Sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking it
- C. It can be taken at bedtime
- D. It is safe to take with antacids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking it.' Alendronate can cause esophageal irritation and to reduce the risk of this side effect, clients should be instructed to sit upright for at least 30 minutes after administration. Choice A is incorrect as alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach, usually in the morning, at least 30 minutes before the first food, beverage, or medication of the day. Choice C is incorrect because alendronate should not be taken at bedtime, as the client should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking it. Choice D is incorrect as antacids can interfere with the absorption of alendronate, so they should not be taken together.
4. A healthcare provider is caring for a client prescribed amiodarone. Which of the following should the healthcare provider monitor?
- A. Liver function tests
- B. Serum potassium levels
- C. Blood pressure
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Amiodarone is known to potentially affect liver function, potassium levels, and blood pressure. Monitoring all these parameters regularly is crucial to detect any adverse effects early on. Liver function tests are necessary as amiodarone can cause hepatotoxicity. Serum potassium levels should be monitored due to the risk of hypokalemia or hyperkalemia with amiodarone use. Blood pressure monitoring is essential as amiodarone can cause hypotension or hypertension. Choosing 'All of the above' is the correct answer because all these parameters should be monitored to ensure the client's safety and well-being. Monitoring only one or two of these parameters may lead to missing important signs of adverse effects.
5. A nurse is reviewing the medication metformin with a client who has diabetes. Which of the following side effects should the nurse discuss?
- A. Gastrointestinal upset
- B. Increased appetite
- C. Weight loss
- D. Frequent urination
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gastrointestinal upset. Metformin can cause gastrointestinal upset, especially when first starting therapy. It is important to take it with food to reduce these effects. Increased appetite (choice B) and weight loss (choice C) are not common side effects of metformin but may occur due to improved blood sugar control. Frequent urination (choice D) is a symptom of uncontrolled diabetes and not a side effect of metformin.
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