LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023
1. What is the most appropriate action for a healthcare provider to take when a patient is experiencing a seizure?
- A. Protect the patient's head
- B. Restrain the patient's movements
- C. Insert an airway
- D. Give the patient water
Correct answer: A
Rationale: During a seizure, the most appropriate action for a healthcare provider is to protect the patient's head. This helps prevent injury, especially considering the involuntary movements and potential thrashing associated with seizures. Restraint should be avoided as it can lead to further injury or distress for the patient. Inserting an airway is not recommended during an active seizure as the patient's airway may not be obstructed, and it could pose a risk of injury. Giving the patient water during a seizure is also not advisable as there is a risk of aspiration. Therefore, the priority is to ensure the patient's safety by protecting their head.
2. What is the first intervention for a patient in shock?
- A. Administer fluids
- B. Monitor blood pressure
- C. Provide oxygen
- D. Call for assistance
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer fluids. In a patient experiencing shock, the priority is to address inadequate perfusion by restoring circulating blood volume. Administering fluids helps improve perfusion and oxygen delivery to vital organs. Monitoring blood pressure, providing oxygen, and calling for assistance are important steps but administering fluids is the initial and most critical intervention in the management of shock.
3. A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is being taught about insulin administration by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Inject insulin into the muscle
- B. Rotate injection sites with each dose
- C. Store insulin at room temperature
- D. Massage the injection site after administration
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction that the nurse should include is to rotate injection sites with each dose. This practice is essential to prevent tissue damage and ensure proper insulin absorption. Option A is incorrect because insulin should not be injected into the muscle, but rather into the subcutaneous tissue. Option C is incorrect as insulin should be stored in the refrigerator to maintain its effectiveness. Option D is incorrect as massaging the injection site after administration can lead to faster absorption and potentially hypoglycemia.
4. A client has a new diagnosis of Raynaud's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Increase your intake of foods high in potassium.
- B. Keep your home environment warm.
- C. Elevate your legs when sitting.
- D. Reduce your intake of sodium.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to keep the home environment warm. Raynaud's disease causes vasospasm in response to cold, so maintaining a warm environment can help prevent attacks. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing potassium intake, elevating legs when sitting, or reducing sodium intake are not specific to managing Raynaud's disease.
5. What term refers to the agreement to keep promises?
- A. Fidelity
- B. Non-maleficence
- C. Autonomy
- D. Justice
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The term 'fidelity' specifically refers to the agreement to keep promises. Fidelity in healthcare ethics emphasizes the importance of healthcare professionals keeping their commitments to patients. Choice B, 'Non-maleficence,' relates to the ethical principle of doing no harm. Choice C, 'Autonomy,' refers to respecting a patient's right to make decisions about their own healthcare. Choice D, 'Justice,' pertains to fairness and equality in the distribution of healthcare resources.
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