LPN LPN
ATI Pediatric Medications Test
1. The mother of an 11-year-old girl confides to the nurse that her child has no interest in school activities, exercise, or even family outings. The most appropriate response by the nurse would be:
- A. I would recommend that she see a counselor at school.
- B. I would not worry; she will grow out of it.
- C. Many girls this age go through a time of malaise and disinterest.
- D. If she still feels the same way when you come back for the next well-child visit, I will recommend a therapist.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a child shows a lack of interest in various activities, including school, exercise, and family outings, it is essential to address the underlying reasons. Recommending that the child see a counselor at school is crucial to explore potential issues and provide appropriate support and guidance. This approach can help identify any emotional, social, or behavioral concerns the child may be experiencing and facilitate early intervention and support. Choice B is incorrect because dismissing the mother's concerns and assuming the child will grow out of it without addressing the issue is not appropriate. Choice C is incorrect because while some children may go through phases of disinterest, it is essential to investigate further rather than generalizing. Choice D is incorrect because waiting until the next visit without taking proactive steps to address the current lack of interest may delay necessary support and intervention.
2. How should the nurse prepare the sibling of a near-drowning accident victim who wants to see his brother in the pediatric intensive care unit, considering the child was present during the accident?
- A. Have the parents explain to the child why the sibling is so sick and inform the child that this could be the last time he sees his brother.
- B. Reassure the sibling not to cry in the child's room to avoid upsetting the ill child.
- C. If death is imminent, avoid informing the child about it and minimize involvement in care to protect the child from further trauma.
- D. Cover tubes and wires with a sheet, wash off any existing blood, and prepare him for what he will see.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When preparing a sibling to see their brother in the pediatric intensive care unit after a near-drowning accident, it is essential to cover tubes and wires with a sheet, wash off any existing blood, and explain what the sibling will see. This approach helps the sibling understand the situation better and prepares them emotionally for the encounter, reducing potential distress and trauma. By providing information and visual preparation, the sibling can have a more controlled and less overwhelming experience when visiting their brother in the intensive care unit. Choice A is incorrect as informing the child that this could be the last time he sees his sibling may cause unnecessary distress and anxiety. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the sibling's emotional response, which is essential to address in a supportive manner. Choice C is incorrect as honesty and appropriate information sharing are crucial, even in difficult situations, to help the child cope effectively with the circumstances.
3. Jaundice in children can be either pathological or physiological. Which of these will you consider as more serious?
- A. Jaundice seen within 24 hours of life
- B. Jaundice seen at the palms and soles
- C. Jaundice appearing after 24 hours of life
- D. Jaundice seen after 14 days of life
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Jaundice seen within 24 hours of life is considered more serious in children as it can indicate pathological causes such as hemolytic disease or sepsis, which require prompt evaluation and management to prevent complications. Jaundice appearing within 24 hours of life is concerning due to the higher likelihood of severe conditions, while jaundice seen at the palms and soles is more likely due to physiological causes such as breast milk jaundice. Jaundice appearing after 24 hours or after 14 days of life may still require evaluation but is less urgent compared to jaundice within the first 24 hours.
4. What is the pattern of fever in enteric fever?
- A. Intermittent fever
- B. Relapsing fever
- C. Pel-Ebstein fever
- D. Continuous fever
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella typhi or paratyphi, is characterized by a continuous fever pattern. The fever typically persists without significant fluctuations, distinguishing it from diseases with intermittent or relapsing fever patterns. Pel-Ebstein fever, a cyclic pattern of fever seen in Hodgkin's lymphoma, is not associated with enteric fever. Relapsing fever is a characteristic of diseases like Borrelia recurrentis infection. Intermittent fever is seen in conditions like malaria.
5. What is the aim of Integrated Management of neonatal and Childhood Illnesses?
- A. Improved case management
- B. Improved family and community practices
- C. None of the above
- D. A & B
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The aim of the Integrated Management of neonatal and Childhood Illnesses is to enhance both case management and family and community practices. By improving case management, healthcare providers can ensure appropriate treatment and care, leading to better outcomes for neonates and children. Enhancing family and community practices can contribute to the prevention, early detection, and overall well-being of children. Choice A is incorrect as the aim is not solely focused on improved case management. Choice B is incorrect as the aim goes beyond just improving family and community practices. Choice C is incorrect as the correct aim involves both improved case management and family/community practices, making choice D the most comprehensive and accurate answer.
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