LPN LPN
ATI Pediatric Medications Test
1. When does the rash in typhoid fever typically appear?
- A. On the second day after symptoms appear
- B. On the third day after symptoms appear
- C. On the fourth day after symptoms appear
- D. On the seventh day after symptoms appear
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In typhoid fever, the rash typically appears on the third day after symptoms first appear. This rash can help in diagnosing the disease along with other symptoms such as fever, malaise, and abdominal pain. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the rash in typhoid fever usually appears on the third day, not the second, fourth, or seventh day after the symptoms begin.
2. How should the nurse prepare the sibling of a near-drowning accident victim who wants to see his brother in the pediatric intensive care unit, considering the child was present during the accident?
- A. Have the parents explain to the child why the sibling is so sick and inform the child that this could be the last time he sees his brother.
- B. Reassure the sibling not to cry in the child's room to avoid upsetting the ill child.
- C. If death is imminent, avoid informing the child about it and minimize involvement in care to protect the child from further trauma.
- D. Cover tubes and wires with a sheet, wash off any existing blood, and prepare him for what he will see.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When preparing a sibling to see their brother in the pediatric intensive care unit after a near-drowning accident, it is essential to cover tubes and wires with a sheet, wash off any existing blood, and explain what the sibling will see. This approach helps the sibling understand the situation better and prepares them emotionally for the encounter, reducing potential distress and trauma. By providing information and visual preparation, the sibling can have a more controlled and less overwhelming experience when visiting their brother in the intensive care unit. Choice A is incorrect as informing the child that this could be the last time he sees his sibling may cause unnecessary distress and anxiety. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the sibling's emotional response, which is essential to address in a supportive manner. Choice C is incorrect as honesty and appropriate information sharing are crucial, even in difficult situations, to help the child cope effectively with the circumstances.
3. Based on the complaints provided by Madam KK, is the child exhibiting danger signs?
- A. Yes
- B. No
- C. I don't know
- D. Yes
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Yes, the child is displaying danger signs with symptoms such as fever and rapid breathing, indicating a potential serious health issue that requires immediate attention. The correct answer is 'Yes' because the symptoms described in Madam KK's complaints align with danger signs that suggest a severe health problem. Choices B and C are incorrect because the symptoms mentioned clearly indicate the presence of danger signs. Choice D is a duplicate of choice A and does not provide a valid alternative.
4. After providing home care instructions to the mother of a child being discharged following cardiac surgery, which statement made by the mother indicates a need for further instructions?
- A. A balance of rest and exercise is important.
- B. I can apply lotion or powder to the incision if it is itchy.
- C. Activities in which falling could occur need to be avoided for two to four weeks.
- D. Large crowds of people need to be avoided for at least two weeks after the surgery.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The mother stating that she can apply lotion or powder to the incision if it is itchy indicates a need for further instructions. Applying lotion or powder to the incision is not recommended as it can increase the risk of infection. The other choices are correct: A) Balancing rest and exercise is important for recovery, C) avoiding activities where falling could occur is necessary to prevent injury, and D) avoiding large crowds helps reduce the risk of infections during the initial recovery period.
5. In the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses, one of the things to look for is danger signs. Which of the following will you consider a danger sign in a child?
- A. The child vomits everything
- B. A child with diarrhea
- C. A child with headache
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'The child vomits everything.' Vomiting everything is considered a danger sign in a child as it can lead to dehydration and other serious complications. Recognizing this sign early can help in timely intervention and management of the child's condition. Choices B and C are incorrect as diarrhea and headache, while concerning, are not specific danger signs highlighted in the Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses.
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