LPN LPN
PN Nutrition Assessment ATI
1. The nutrients involved in metabolic regulation and control include minerals, vitamins, and:
- A. amino acids.
- B. carbohydrates.
- C. fats.
- D. water.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, water. Water plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation along with vitamins and minerals. While amino acids, carbohydrates, and fats are essential nutrients for various bodily functions, they are not primarily involved in metabolic regulation and control.
2. In the most recent edition of Choose Your Foods: Exchange List for Diabetes, the three groups into which foods are arranged are:
- A. fruits and vegetables, breads, and meats.
- B. fats, starches and sugars, and meat and milk.
- C. fruits and vegetables, meat and milk, and starches.
- D. carbohydrates, meat and meat substitutes, and fats.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: carbohydrates, meat and meat substitutes, and fats. The most recent edition of Choose Your Foods: Exchange List for Diabetes categorizes foods into these three groups for easier meal planning. Choice A is incorrect because it does not include carbohydrates and groups bread with fruits and vegetables. Choice B is incorrect because it separates carbohydrates into starches and sugars, which are usually counted together in diabetes meal planning. Choice C is incorrect as it does not specifically categorize foods into carbohydrates, meat, and fats as per the latest edition.
3. Which of the following are macronutrients?
- A. Minerals.
- B. Proteins.
- C. Vitamins.
- D. Enzymes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Proteins are indeed macronutrients, along with carbohydrates and fats. Macronutrients are nutrients that provide energy and are required in large amounts by the body. Minerals and vitamins are considered micronutrients, as they are needed in smaller quantities. Enzymes, on the other hand, are not nutrients but rather biological molecules that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions.
4. A food choice equivalent to one serving from the Protein group of MyPlate is:
- A. 1 tbsp peanut butter.
- B. 3 oz fish.
- C. 2 oz cheese.
- D. 1/2 cup cooked dry beans or peas.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: One tablespoon of peanut butter is equivalent to one serving from the Protein group in MyPlate. It provides a good amount of protein and healthy fats. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they represent larger serving sizes than a single serving from the Protein group in MyPlate. 3 oz of fish, 2 oz of cheese, and 1/2 cup of cooked dry beans or peas would exceed the recommended serving size for the Protein group.
5. Which of the following provides the best source of nutrients?
- A. specific food combinations.
- B. a variety of foods.
- C. individual foods.
- D. a variety of food supplements.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A variety of foods is the best source of nutrients because it ensures a balanced intake of all essential nutrients required by the body. Option A, specific food combinations, may not provide all necessary nutrients as relying on only a few types of food may lead to deficiencies. Option C, individual foods, also may not provide a complete range of nutrients necessary for overall health. Option D, a variety of food supplements, is not the best source of nutrients as whole foods are generally more beneficial due to their natural nutrient composition and bioavailability.
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