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PN Nutrition Assessment ATI
1. Which age group is particularly vulnerable to malnutrition?
- A. Infants
- B. Teenagers
- C. Young adults
- D. Middle-aged adults
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Infants are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition due to their high growth rate and specific nutrient requirements. During the first year of life, infants experience rapid growth and development, requiring essential nutrients for proper physical and cognitive development. Teenagers, young adults, and middle-aged adults have more stable nutritional needs compared to infants, making them less vulnerable to malnutrition. Therefore, infants are the most susceptible age group when it comes to malnutrition.
2. What is the muscle layer on the outside of the intestinal wall called?
- A. serosa
- B. mucosa
- C. submucosa
- D. muscularis mucosae
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: serosa. The serosa is the outermost layer of the intestinal wall, providing a protective covering. Choice B, mucosa, is the innermost layer responsible for absorption. Choice C, submucosa, lies beneath the mucosa and contains blood vessels and nerves. Choice D, muscularis mucosae, is a smooth muscle layer located within the mucosa, helping to create folds in the intestinal lining to increase surface area for absorption.
3. Which observation provides evidence that a person has good nutritional status?
- A. Small muscle mass.
- B. Normal weight-to-height ratio.
- C. Smooth tongue.
- D. Fragile skin.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A normal weight-to-height ratio is a reliable indicator of good nutritional status as it suggests that the person is well-nourished and not underweight or overweight. Small muscle mass (choice A) can indicate malnutrition, a smooth tongue (choice C) can be a sign of vitamin deficiencies, and fragile skin (choice D) can be a sign of poor nutrition or other health issues, but they are not as direct indicators of good nutritional status as a normal weight-to-height ratio.
4. The professional primarily responsible for the application of nutrition science in clinical practice settings is the:
- A. nurse.
- B. physician.
- C. public health nutritionist.
- D. registered dietitian.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: registered dietitian. A registered dietitian is a healthcare professional with specialized training in nutrition and dietetics, making them primarily responsible for applying nutrition science in clinical practice settings. Nurses (choice A) and physicians (choice B) may have some knowledge of nutrition, but a registered dietitian has specific expertise in this area. Public health nutritionists (choice C) typically focus on community nutrition and public health programs, rather than clinical practice settings.
5. A physical science that contributes to understanding how nutrition relates to health and well-being is:
- A. anatomy
- B. biochemistry
- C. physics
- D. pharmacology
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Biochemistry is the correct answer because it focuses on understanding the chemical processes related to nutrition and how nutrients affect the body. Anatomy (choice A) primarily deals with the structure of organisms, not the chemical processes of nutrition. Physics (choice C) deals with energy and matter, not specifically related to nutrition. Pharmacology (choice D) focuses on drugs and their interactions with the body, not directly related to nutrition and its effects on health.
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