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PN Nutrition Assessment ATI
1. In the most recent edition of Choose Your Foods: Exchange List for Diabetes, the three groups into which foods are arranged are:
- A. fruits and vegetables, breads, and meats.
- B. fats, starches and sugars, and meat and milk.
- C. fruits and vegetables, meat and milk, and starches.
- D. carbohydrates, meat and meat substitutes, and fats.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: carbohydrates, meat and meat substitutes, and fats. The most recent edition of Choose Your Foods: Exchange List for Diabetes categorizes foods into these three groups for easier meal planning. Choice A is incorrect because it does not include carbohydrates and groups bread with fruits and vegetables. Choice B is incorrect because it separates carbohydrates into starches and sugars, which are usually counted together in diabetes meal planning. Choice C is incorrect as it does not specifically categorize foods into carbohydrates, meat, and fats as per the latest edition.
2. Which of the following are considered micronutrients?
- A. Fats.
- B. Proteins.
- C. Vitamins.
- D. Carbohydrates.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Micronutrients are essential nutrients needed by the body in small quantities to support various bodily functions. Vitamins fall under this category as they play crucial roles in metabolism, immune function, and overall health. While fats, proteins, and carbohydrates are essential macronutrients required in larger amounts for energy and growth, they are not classified as micronutrients. Therefore, the correct answer is C.
3. An example of government nutrition policy is:
- A. MyPlate Food Guidance System.
- B. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010.
- C. Healthy People 2020.
- D. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs).
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Healthy People 2020. Healthy People 2020 is a government initiative that sets goals for improving the health of Americans, including specific nutritional objectives. Choices A, B, and D are not examples of government nutrition policies. MyPlate Food Guidance System is a visual tool to help individuals make healthy food choices, Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 provide evidence-based advice for Americans two years and older, and Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of nutrient reference values.
4. In addition to poor eating habits, a factor that often contributes to marginal nutritional status is:
- A. dependence on caffeine.
- B. acute illness.
- C. low income.
- D. size of the family unit.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Low income is a significant factor contributing to marginal nutritional status due to limited access to nutritious food. While dependence on caffeine or acute illness can impact health, they are not as directly linked to marginal nutrition as low income. The size of the family unit may affect food distribution within the household but is not as directly related to marginal nutritional status as low income.
5. For a healthy person, what percentage of daily calories should be supplied by protein?
- A. 5% to 10%.
- B. 10% to 35%.
- C. more than 25%.
- D. more than 35%.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 10% to 35%. For a healthy person, it is recommended that 10% to 35% of their daily caloric intake should come from protein. This range ensures an adequate intake of protein for various bodily functions without overdoing it. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest percentages either below the recommended range (A, C) or exceeding it (D), which could lead to nutritional imbalances or health issues.
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