LPN LPN
ATI Proctored Community Health
1. What is the purpose of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?
- A. To provide emergency medical services
- B. To ensure all children receive routine immunizations
- C. To offer specialized treatments for rare diseases
- D. To manage chronic health conditions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is designed to ensure that all children receive routine immunizations to prevent common infectious diseases. It focuses on providing vaccinations to children to build immunity against various preventable diseases, thus contributing to public health by reducing the spread of infectious illnesses.
2. Which of the following practices can help reduce the transmission of HIV from mother to child?
- A. Exclusive breastfeeding
- B. Administering antiretroviral therapy
- C. Using unsterilized medical equipment
- D. Avoiding prenatal care
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Administering antiretroviral therapy to HIV-positive mothers is a crucial practice to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Antiretroviral therapy helps lower the viral load in the mother's body, decreasing the chance of passing the virus to the child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding, using unsterilized medical equipment, and avoiding prenatal care do not directly contribute to reducing HIV transmission from mother to child.
3. Which of the following is an appropriate method for treating dehydration in infants?
- A. Administering oral rehydration solution
- B. Providing fruit juice
- C. Increasing milk intake
- D. Administering antibiotics
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering oral rehydration solution is an appropriate method for treating dehydration in infants. Oral rehydration solution helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes effectively, aiding in the rehydration process. It is specifically formulated to address dehydration and is recommended by healthcare professionals for managing this condition in infants.
4. When is the recommended time for introducing solid foods into an infant's diet?
- A. 3 months
- B. 6 months
- C. 9 months
- D. 12 months
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The recommended time for introducing solid foods into an infant's diet is around 6 months of age. Introducing solids too early can increase the risk of food allergies and digestive issues, while waiting too long may lead to nutritional deficiencies. By around 6 months, most infants have the necessary physical and developmental skills to start eating solid foods alongside breast milk or formula.
5. What is the purpose of a population pyramid?
- A. To show the distribution of income levels
- B. To illustrate the age and sex composition of a population
- C. To compare the incidence of diseases
- D. To display the literacy rates
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A population pyramid is a graphical illustration that shows the age and sex composition of a population. It displays the percentage or number of individuals in different age groups and gender categories. This tool helps in understanding the demographic structure of a population, including aspects such as birth rates, death rates, life expectancy, and dependency ratios.
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