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ATI Proctored Community Health
1. Which of the following is NOT a goal of the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) program?
- A. Reducing infant mortality
- B. Improving maternal health
- C. Providing family planning services
- D. Focusing solely on curative care
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The Maternal and Child Health (MCH) program aims to reduce infant mortality, improve maternal health, and provide family planning services. It focuses on both preventive and curative care to promote the health and well-being of mothers and children. While curative care is a component of the program, it is not the sole focus as prevention and early intervention are equally important in achieving positive health outcomes.
2. What is the primary goal of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy?
- A. To reduce the incidence of childhood diseases
- B. To improve the nutritional status of children
- C. To reduce child mortality and morbidity
- D. To promote exclusive breastfeeding
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To reduce child mortality and morbidity. The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy aims to reduce child mortality and morbidity by providing a holistic approach to managing major childhood illnesses and improving overall child health outcomes. This strategy focuses on early recognition and prompt treatment of childhood illnesses, thereby reducing the impact of diseases and lowering mortality rates among children.
3. Which of the following is an essential nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects?
- A. Iron
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Calcium
- D. Folic acid
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Folic acid is a crucial nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. It plays a vital role in the development of the neural tube in the fetus, reducing the risk of defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. It is recommended that women of childbearing age consume adequate amounts of folic acid, either through diet or supplements, to support a healthy pregnancy and prevent these serious birth defects.
4. Which of the following is an example of a vector-borne disease?
- A. Measles
- B. Tuberculosis
- C. Malaria
- D. Hepatitis B
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite that is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. These mosquitoes act as vectors in transmitting the disease from one host to another. The other choices, Measles, Tuberculosis, and Hepatitis B, are not vector-borne diseases. Measles is a highly contagious airborne viral infection, Tuberculosis is an airborne bacterial infection, and Hepatitis B is a bloodborne virus.
5. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases?
- A. Antibiotic treatment
- B. Quarantine of infected individuals
- C. Vaccination
- D. Nutritional supplementation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases as it helps in developing immunity against specific pathogens, reducing the likelihood of infection and transmission within a population. Antibiotics are used to treat infections, not prevent their spread. Quarantine limits the contact of infected individuals but does not provide long-term prevention. Nutritional supplementation can support overall health but is not a primary method for preventing infectious diseases.
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