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1. Which of the following is an essential nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects?
- A. Iron
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Calcium
- D. Folic acid
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Folic acid is a crucial nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. It plays a vital role in the development of the neural tube in the fetus, reducing the risk of defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. It is recommended that women of childbearing age consume adequate amounts of folic acid, either through diet or supplements, to support a healthy pregnancy and prevent these serious birth defects.
2. What is the primary benefit of administering Vitamin A to children?
- A. To improve bone health
- B. To boost the immune system
- C. To enhance cognitive development
- D. To prevent anemia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The primary benefit of administering Vitamin A to children is to boost the immune system. Vitamin A supplementation is crucial for maintaining a strong immune system and preventing complications such as blindness in children.
3. When is the recommended time for introducing solid foods into an infant's diet?
- A. 3 months
- B. 6 months
- C. 9 months
- D. 12 months
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The recommended time for introducing solid foods into an infant's diet is around 6 months of age. Introducing solids too early can increase the risk of food allergies and digestive issues, while waiting too long may lead to nutritional deficiencies. By around 6 months, most infants have the necessary physical and developmental skills to start eating solid foods alongside breast milk or formula.
4. Which nutrient is known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects when taken by pregnant women?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Folic acid
- D. Iron
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Folic acid, a B vitamin, is essential for the development of the neural tube in the early stages of pregnancy. Adequate intake of folic acid before conception and during early pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects in the baby. It is recommended that women of childbearing age consume folic acid daily to support a healthy pregnancy.
5. What is the recommended duration for exclusive breastfeeding according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?
- A. 3 months
- B. 6 months
- C. 9 months
- D. 12 months
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life. This means that infants should be fed only breast milk (no other liquids or solids) during this period to ensure optimal growth, development, and health benefits.
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