LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. A nurse is caring for a client who requests information about advance directives. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. It's a living will outlining your funeral wishes
- B. It's a document that allows you to donate organs
- C. It includes end-of-life care instructions
- D. It provides legal guardianship rights
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: 'It includes end-of-life care instructions.' An advance directive is a legal document that outlines a client's preferences for medical treatment and end-of-life care in case they are unable to communicate. Choice A is incorrect because an advance directive focuses on healthcare decisions, not funeral arrangements. Choice B is incorrect as organ donation is a separate process from advance directives. Choice D is incorrect as advance directives do not provide legal guardianship rights, but rather specify healthcare wishes.
2. A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving hemodialysis via an AV fistula. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Avoid taking blood pressures on the arm with the AV fistula.
- B. Check the fistula site daily for pallor.
- C. Place a warm compress over the fistula site every 4 hours.
- D. Keep the client's arm elevated on two pillows.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct intervention is to avoid taking blood pressures on the arm with the AV fistula. This is crucial to prevent complications such as damage to the fistula. Checking the fistula site for pallor is not as important as avoiding blood pressures on the affected arm. Placing warm compresses over the fistula site is not recommended as it can increase the risk of infection. Keeping the client's arm elevated on two pillows is not necessary for the care of an AV fistula.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Hypotension
- D. Diaphoresis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Bradycardia is a common sign of hypoglycemia due to the body's response to low blood sugar. During hypoglycemia, the body releases epinephrine, leading to sympathetic nervous system activation. This can result in bradycardia as a compensatory mechanism to preserve glucose for vital organs such as the brain. Tachycardia, hypotension, and diaphoresis are more commonly associated with hypoglycemia when it progresses to severe stages and the body's compensatory mechanisms are overwhelmed.
4. A nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client who is undergoing total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
- A. Monitor the client's electrolyte levels daily
- B. Weigh the client daily
- C. Monitor the client's blood glucose levels every 6 hours
- D. Change the TPN tubing every 24 hours
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct intervention for the nurse to include in the plan of care for a client undergoing total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is to change the TPN tubing every 24 hours. Changing the tubing at regular intervals helps reduce the risk of infection associated with central venous catheters. Monitoring electrolyte levels daily (Choice A) is important but not specific to TPN. Weighing the client daily (Choice B) is important for monitoring fluid status but not directly related to TPN. Monitoring blood glucose levels every 6 hours (Choice C) is essential for clients receiving TPN, but changing the tubing is a more critical intervention to prevent infections.
5. What is the healthcare provider's role in providing patient education about hypertension management?
- A. Encourage lifestyle modifications and medication adherence
- B. Advise patients to avoid physical activity
- C. Recommend a low-sodium diet
- D. Increase potassium in the diet
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage lifestyle modifications and medication adherence. Patient education in hypertension management should focus on encouraging lifestyle changes like a healthy diet, exercise, stress management, and adherence to prescribed medications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because advising patients to avoid physical activity, recommending a low-sodium diet, and increasing potassium intake, although related to hypertension management, do not encompass the comprehensive approach needed for effective patient education on this topic.
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