LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. A 23-year-old woman at 32-weeks gestation is seen in the outpatient clinic. Which of the following findings, if assessed by the nurse, would indicate a possible complication?
- A. The client's urine test is positive for glucose and acetone
- B. The client has 1+ pedal edema in both feet at the end of the day
- C. The client complains of an increase in vaginal discharge
- D. The client says she feels pressure against her diaphragm when the baby moves
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Positive urine glucose and acetone could indicate gestational diabetes or preeclampsia, both of which are complications. Choice B, pedal edema, is common in pregnancy but may also be a sign of preeclampsia if severe. Choice C, an increase in vaginal discharge, is a normal finding in pregnancy due to hormonal changes. Choice D, pressure against the diaphragm when the baby moves, is a normal sensation due to the growing uterus displacing abdominal contents.
2. A healthcare professional is collecting data from a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect?
- A. Increased energy
- B. Easy bruising
- C. Pale conjunctiva
- D. Weight gain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Pale conjunctiva is a common sign of iron deficiency anemia due to reduced hemoglobin levels. This results in decreased oxygen-carrying capacity, leading to tissue hypoxia and pallor. 'Increased energy' (choice A) is not typically associated with iron deficiency anemia, as fatigue and weakness are common symptoms. 'Easy bruising' (choice B) is more characteristic of platelet disorders or vitamin deficiencies rather than iron deficiency anemia. 'Weight gain' (choice D) is not a typical finding in iron deficiency anemia; in fact, weight loss is more common due to decreased appetite and overall weakness.
3. What is the correct way to assess for pitting edema?
- A. Press over the bony area for 5 seconds and release
- B. Press over the skin for 10 seconds and check for discoloration
- C. Press the area and check for the presence of rash
- D. Press the skin and assess for rebound tenderness
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct way to assess for pitting edema is to press over a bony area, typically the tibia, for 5 seconds and then release. This allows for the identification of pitting edema, characterized by an indentation that persists for a few seconds. Choice B is incorrect as pitting edema assessment does not involve checking for discoloration. Choice C is incorrect as the presence of a rash is not indicative of pitting edema. Choice D is incorrect as rebound tenderness is a different assessment used for abdominal conditions, not for pitting edema.
4. What are the complications of untreated deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- A. Pulmonary embolism and stroke
- B. Kidney failure and hypertension
- C. Liver failure and electrolyte imbalance
- D. Fluid overload and bradycardia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Untreated DVT can lead to complications such as pulmonary embolism and stroke. Pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot from the leg travels to the lungs, potentially blocking blood flow and causing respiratory distress. Stroke can occur if a blood clot dislodges from the leg veins, travels to the brain, and obstructs a blood vessel, leading to brain tissue damage. Both of these complications are life-threatening if not managed promptly. The other choices (B, C, D) do not represent common complications of untreated DVT and are therefore incorrect.
5. A client who has undergone vein ligation and stripping to treat varicose veins should be instructed to do which of the following activities during discharge teaching?
- A. Remain sedentary for 2-3 days
- B. Walk for 1-2 hours each day
- C. Wear compression stockings only at night
- D. Elevate legs while sitting
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Walk for 1-2 hours each day.' After vein ligation and stripping, walking helps promote circulation and aids in the recovery process. Option A is incorrect as remaining sedentary for 2-3 days can lead to decreased circulation and potentially increase the risk of complications. Option C is incorrect because compression stockings should typically be worn during the day to support circulation. Option D is incorrect as elevating the legs while sitting is beneficial, but walking is more effective in promoting circulation and recovery in this case.
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