LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. Which of the following is an early indicator that a client with a tracheostomy may require suctioning?
- A. Decreased respiratory rate
- B. Irritability
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Decreased oxygen saturation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Irritability is an early indicator that suctioning is necessary for a client with a tracheostomy. Irritability can signal discomfort or difficulty breathing, which may be due to the need for suctioning to clear the airway. Decreased respiratory rate, bradycardia, and decreased oxygen saturation are not typically early indicators that suctioning is needed in a client with a tracheostomy. These symptoms may occur later if the airway is not cleared promptly.
2. A nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client undergoing radiation therapy for cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse reinforce with the client?
- A. Apply sunscreen before going outside
- B. Avoid using perfumed lotions
- C. Massage the area daily
- D. Take vitamin supplements with food
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should reinforce with the client undergoing radiation therapy is to avoid using perfumed lotions. This is essential to reduce the risk of skin irritation, as perfumed lotions can exacerbate skin reactions during radiation therapy. Applying sunscreen before going outside is generally a good practice but not specifically related to radiation therapy. Massaging the area daily is contraindicated during radiation therapy as it can further irritate the skin. Taking vitamin supplements with food is important for overall health but is not a specific instruction related to radiation therapy.
3. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a prescription for the use of oxygen in his home. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client about using oxygen safely in his home?
- A. Family members who smoke should be at least 10 ft away from the client when oxygen is in use
- B. Nail polish should not be used near a client who is receiving oxygen
- C. A 'No Smoking' sign should be placed on the front door
- D. Cotton bedding and clothing should be replaced with items made from wool
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Placing a 'No Smoking' sign on the front door is crucial for fire safety when using oxygen at home. Choice A is incorrect as family members who smoke should not be around the client when oxygen is in use, not just at a distance. Choice B is not directly related to oxygen safety. Choice D is also irrelevant as the type of bedding and clothing material does not impact oxygen safety.
4. What are the signs and symptoms of a potential infection?
- A. Fever, chills, and increased heart rate
- B. Increased white blood cell count and fever
- C. Shortness of breath and confusion
- D. Sweating and low blood pressure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fever, chills, and increased heart rate are classic signs of an infection. These symptoms indicate the body's response to an invading pathogen. Choice B, 'Increased white blood cell count and fever,' is not a primary symptom that a person would typically notice themselves, and white blood cell count needs to be tested. Choice C, 'Shortness of breath and confusion,' may indicate other conditions like heart or lung issues rather than a general infection. Choice D, 'Sweating and low blood pressure,' are not specific to infections and can be caused by various factors like heat or dehydration.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with dementia who frequently attempts to get out of bed unsupervised. What is the best intervention?
- A. Use restraints to prevent the client from getting out of bed
- B. Encourage family members to stay with the client at all times
- C. Use a bed exit alarm system
- D. Keep the client's room dark and quiet to reduce stimulation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The best intervention for a client with dementia who frequently attempts to get out of bed unsupervised is to use a bed exit alarm system (Choice C). A bed exit alarm can alert staff when the client tries to leave the bed, helping to prevent falls. Using restraints (Choice A) is not recommended as it can lead to physical and psychological harm. While having family members present (Choice B) can be beneficial, it may not be feasible at all times. Keeping the client's room dark and quiet (Choice D) may not address the immediate safety concern of the client attempting to get out of bed.
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