LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. A patient is being educated about a clear liquid diet. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the patient to avoid?
- A. Lemon-lime sports drinks
- B. Ginger ale
- C. Black coffee
- D. Orange sherbet
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Orange sherbet. A clear liquid diet consists of liquids that are transparent and easily digestible. Orange sherbet, being a frozen dessert, is not a clear liquid and should be avoided. Choices A, B, and C are all acceptable in a clear liquid diet. Lemon-lime sports drinks, ginger ale, and black coffee are clear liquids that can be included in the diet as they are transparent and leave little residue in the gastrointestinal tract, unlike orange sherbet.
2. A client with active tuberculosis is receiving discharge instructions. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will continue taking my isoniazid until I am no longer contagious.
- B. I should take my prescribed medication for at least 6 months.
- C. I will need to have a TB skin test every 3 months.
- D. I should wear a mask at all times.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the client should take antitubercular medications for a minimum of 6 months to ensure complete eradication of the infection. Choice A is incorrect as stopping the medication early can result in treatment failure and development of drug-resistant TB. Choice C is incorrect as regular TB skin tests are not needed once the client has been diagnosed and treated. Choice D is incorrect as wearing a mask at all times is not necessary for a client with active TB; proper cough etiquette should be followed instead.
3. What is the right to make one's own personal decisions, even though those decisions might not be in the person's best interest?
- A. Autonomy
- B. Non-maleficence
- C. Justice
- D. Beneficence
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Autonomy. Autonomy is the right to make one's own decisions, even if they may not be in the person's best interest. Autonomy emphasizes an individual's freedom to choose and act according to their own values and beliefs. Non-maleficence (B) refers to the principle of 'do no harm,' Justice (C) refers to fairness and equality in the distribution of resources or benefits, and Beneficence (D) refers to the obligation to do good and act in the patient's best interest.
4. A 23-year-old woman at 32-weeks gestation is seen in the outpatient clinic. Which of the following findings, if assessed by the nurse, would indicate a possible complication?
- A. The client's urine test is positive for glucose and acetone
- B. The client has 1+ pedal edema in both feet at the end of the day
- C. The client complains of an increase in vaginal discharge
- D. The client says she feels pressure against her diaphragm when the baby moves
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Positive urine glucose and acetone could indicate gestational diabetes or preeclampsia, both of which are complications. Choice B, pedal edema, is common in pregnancy but may also be a sign of preeclampsia if severe. Choice C, an increase in vaginal discharge, is a normal finding in pregnancy due to hormonal changes. Choice D, pressure against the diaphragm when the baby moves, is a normal sensation due to the growing uterus displacing abdominal contents.
5. A nurse is performing vision testing for a client following a head injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a problem with pupil accommodation?
- A. Pupils constrict when shifting gaze from near to far
- B. Pupils constrict when shifting gaze from far to near
- C. Lack of change in pupil size when shifting gaze from near to far
- D. Lack of change in pupil size when shifting gaze from far to near
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Pupil accommodation problems are indicated by the lack of change in size when shifting gaze from far to near. The correct answer is D because in pupil accommodation, the pupils should constrict when shifting gaze from far to near in order to adjust for near vision. Choices A and B describe normal responses of pupil constriction when shifting gaze, which do not indicate a problem. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a normal response of pupil size change when shifting gaze from near to far.
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