LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. What is the healthcare provider's role in providing patient education about hypertension management?
- A. Encourage lifestyle modifications and medication adherence
- B. Advise patients to avoid physical activity
- C. Recommend a low-sodium diet
- D. Increase potassium in the diet
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage lifestyle modifications and medication adherence. Patient education in hypertension management should focus on encouraging lifestyle changes like a healthy diet, exercise, stress management, and adherence to prescribed medications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because advising patients to avoid physical activity, recommending a low-sodium diet, and increasing potassium intake, although related to hypertension management, do not encompass the comprehensive approach needed for effective patient education on this topic.
2. A client who is newly diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia needs to include foods rich in iron in their diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as having the highest amount of iron?
- A. Boiled spinach
- B. Raw carrots
- C. Boiled chicken
- D. Yogurt
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Boiled spinach is an excellent source of iron, making it a top choice for individuals with iron deficiency anemia. Spinach contains non-heme iron, which may not be absorbed as efficiently as heme iron from animal sources but is still beneficial. Raw carrots, boiled chicken, and yogurt are not as rich in iron compared to spinach. Carrots are more known for their beta-carotene content, chicken is a good source of protein but not high in iron, and yogurt does not contain significant amounts of iron.
3. A nurse is caring for a client with dementia who frequently attempts to get out of bed unsupervised. What is the best intervention?
- A. Use restraints to prevent the client from getting out of bed
- B. Encourage family members to stay with the client at all times
- C. Use a bed exit alarm system
- D. Keep the client's room dark and quiet to reduce stimulation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The best intervention for a client with dementia who frequently attempts to get out of bed unsupervised is to use a bed exit alarm system (Choice C). A bed exit alarm can alert staff when the client tries to leave the bed, helping to prevent falls. Using restraints (Choice A) is not recommended as it can lead to physical and psychological harm. While having family members present (Choice B) can be beneficial, it may not be feasible at all times. Keeping the client's room dark and quiet (Choice D) may not address the immediate safety concern of the client attempting to get out of bed.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has been experiencing chronic pain. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. Provide the client with distractions such as television
- B. Administer pain medication around the clock
- C. Teach the client relaxation techniques
- D. Perform massage therapy on the client
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client experiencing chronic pain is to teach relaxation techniques. This helps the client manage pain more effectively by reducing stress and anxiety, which can contribute to the perception of pain. Providing distractions like television (Choice A) may offer temporary relief but does not address the underlying issue of chronic pain. Administering pain medication around the clock (Choice B) may lead to dependency and not promote holistic pain management. Massage therapy (Choice D) can be beneficial but may not be as effective as teaching relaxation techniques in the long term for managing chronic pain.
5. Which of the following is a key consideration when providing wound care for a client with a pressure ulcer?
- A. Cover the wound with a dry, sterile dressing
- B. Perform a wound culture before applying ointment
- C. Cleanse the wound with alcohol
- D. Cover the wound with a wet-to-dry dressing
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Performing a wound culture before applying ointment is crucial when providing wound care for a client with a pressure ulcer. This step helps identify the presence of any infection, allowing for appropriate treatment. Choice A is incorrect because covering the wound with a dry, sterile dressing may not address potential infections. Choice C is incorrect as cleansing the wound with alcohol can be too harsh and drying to the surrounding skin. Choice D is incorrect because covering the wound with a wet-to-dry dressing is not typically recommended for pressure ulcers, as it can cause trauma to the wound bed during removal.
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