LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2024
1. What is the first priority for a patient in respiratory distress?
- A. Administer oxygen
- B. Assess airway patency
- C. Monitor oxygen saturation
- D. Call for assistance
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to administer oxygen. In a patient experiencing respiratory distress, the primary concern is ensuring an adequate oxygen supply to the body. By administering oxygen, you can help improve oxygenation, which is crucial for the patient's overall well-being. Assessing airway patency is important but administering oxygen takes precedence as it directly addresses the oxygenation concern. Monitoring oxygen saturation is also essential, but the immediate action should be to provide oxygen. Calling for assistance can be important but is not the first priority when dealing with a patient in respiratory distress.
2. A client who is 1 day postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty should be instructed to do which of the following?
- A. Avoid using a walker while walking.
- B. Keep the hip flexed at 90° while sitting.
- C. Place a pillow between your legs when turning.
- D. Cross your legs at the ankles when sitting.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Placing a pillow between the legs is essential post-total hip arthroplasty to prevent adduction of the hip joint, reducing the risk of dislocation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Using a walker while walking is encouraged for support and stability. Keeping the hip flexed at 90° while sitting can increase the risk of hip dislocation. Crossing legs at the ankles when sitting may also lead to hip dislocation.
3. During an initial assessment of a client, a nurse notices a discrepancy between the client's current IV infusion and the information received during the shift report. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Complete an incident report and place it in the client's medical record.
- B. Compare the current infusion with the prescription in the client's medication record.
- C. Contact the charge nurse to see if the prescription was changed.
- D. Submit a written warning for the nurse involved in the incident.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when noticing a discrepancy between the client's current IV infusion and the information received during the shift report is to compare the current infusion with the prescription in the client's medication record. This step is crucial to ensure the accuracy of the prescribed treatment and to prevent any potential harm to the client. Option A is incorrect because completing an incident report should only be done after verifying the discrepancy. Option C is incorrect as contacting the charge nurse should come after confirming the details. Option D is incorrect as submitting a written warning is not appropriate without verifying the information first.
4. A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is concerned about weight gain during pregnancy. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. You should not gain more than 10 lbs
- B. Your weight gain should be the same as for someone without diabetes
- C. Avoid gaining more than 15 lbs
- D. You should gain more weight because of your condition
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Clients with type 2 diabetes should aim for the same pregnancy weight gain as those without diabetes. Option A is too restrictive and may not be appropriate for a healthy pregnancy. Option C also imposes a specific limit without considering individual needs. Option D is incorrect as excessive weight gain can lead to complications in pregnancy, especially for individuals with diabetes.
5. A nurse is collecting data from a client who delivered a full-term newborn 16 hr ago. The nurse notes excessive lochia discharge. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Administer oxytocin
- B. Perform fundal massage
- C. Administer IV fluids
- D. Call the provider
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Performing fundal massage is the priority action in this scenario. Fundal massage helps contract the uterus, which is essential in reducing excessive lochia postpartum. Administering oxytocin may be indicated later, but fundal massage should be the initial intervention to address the issue. Administering IV fluids may not directly address the cause of excessive lochia, and calling the provider should come after implementing immediate nursing interventions.
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