LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2024
1. A healthcare professional is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who is receiving filgrastim. Which of the following laboratory values should the healthcare professional monitor to determine the effectiveness of the treatment?
- A. WBC count.
- B. Serum potassium.
- C. Hemoglobin level.
- D. Serum creatinine.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Filgrastim works by stimulating the production of white blood cells. Therefore, monitoring the white blood cell (WBC) count is essential to assess the effectiveness of the treatment. Choice B, serum potassium, is not directly affected by filgrastim therapy. Choice C, hemoglobin level, is important but not the primary indicator of filgrastim's effectiveness. Choice D, serum creatinine, is unrelated to the action of filgrastim and would not reflect its effectiveness.
2. A client with diabetes is being discharged. What is the most important teaching point?
- A. Monitor blood sugar levels once in the morning
- B. Administer insulin before meals as prescribed
- C. Take medication only when feeling unwell
- D. Monitor glucose levels weekly
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most important teaching point for a client with diabetes being discharged is to administer insulin before meals as prescribed. This is crucial for managing blood sugar levels effectively and preventing complications. Monitoring blood sugar levels once in the morning (Choice A) is not sufficient for proper diabetes management, as levels can fluctuate throughout the day. Taking medication only when feeling unwell (Choice C) is not recommended as diabetes treatment is based on a regular schedule. Monitoring glucose levels weekly (Choice D) is not frequent enough to provide the necessary information for managing diabetes on a day-to-day basis.
3. When instructing a client with tuberculosis on home care, what is the priority teaching point?
- A. Wear a surgical mask at all times
- B. Limit visitors to two-hour increments
- C. Take medication for 6-9 months
- D. Take breaks during meals
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Take medication for 6-9 months.' The priority teaching point for a client with tuberculosis is to ensure they understand the importance of completing the entire course of medication. This is crucial to effectively treat and cure tuberculosis, prevent the development of drug-resistant strains, and reduce the risk of transmission to others. Choice A is incorrect as wearing a surgical mask at all times is not the priority teaching point for tuberculosis home care. Choice B is not the priority teaching point; while limiting visitors can help reduce exposure to others, completing the medication course is more critical. Choice D is not relevant to tuberculosis home care instructions.
4. Which dietary instruction is appropriate for a client with chronic kidney disease?
- A. Increase the intake of potassium
- B. Limit the intake of phosphorus-rich foods
- C. Encourage the intake of protein-rich foods
- D. Advise the client to increase fluid intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Limiting the intake of phosphorus-rich foods is appropriate for a client with chronic kidney disease. In individuals with chronic kidney disease, the kidneys cannot filter phosphorus effectively, leading to a buildup in the blood. This can result in bone and heart problems. Therefore, reducing phosphorus intake is crucial to prevent complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing potassium intake may be harmful as potassium levels can accumulate in the blood with impaired kidney function. Encouraging protein-rich foods may not be suitable as excessive protein intake can strain the kidneys. Advising to increase fluid intake should be done cautiously as individuals with chronic kidney disease may need to restrict fluids based on their stage of the disease.
5. What are the key nursing interventions for a patient receiving diuretic therapy?
- A. Monitor electrolyte levels and administer potassium as needed
- B. Restrict fluid intake and provide a low-sodium diet
- C. Encourage oral fluids and increase dietary potassium
- D. Provide high-sodium foods to improve electrolyte balance
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor electrolyte levels and administer potassium as needed. Patients on diuretic therapy are at risk of electrolyte imbalances, particularly low potassium levels. Monitoring electrolytes and administering potassium as needed are crucial nursing interventions to prevent imbalances. Choice B is incorrect because restricting fluid intake and providing a low-sodium diet are not typically indicated for patients on diuretic therapy. Choice C is incorrect as encouraging oral fluids and increasing dietary potassium can exacerbate electrolyte imbalances in patients on diuretics. Choice D is incorrect as providing high-sodium foods would worsen electrolyte balance issues in patients on diuretic therapy.
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