LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 with NGN
1. What is the best teaching point for a client with left-leg weakness learning to use a cane?
- A. Use the cane on the weaker side
- B. Maintain two points of support on the floor at all times
- C. Advance the cane 30 to 45 cm with each step
- D. Advance the cane and the strong leg together
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct teaching point for a client with left-leg weakness learning to use a cane is to maintain two points of support on the floor at all times. This ensures better stability and support for the client while walking. Choice A is incorrect because the cane should be used on the stronger side to support the weaker leg. Choice C is incorrect as advancing the cane too far with each step may compromise balance. Choice D is incorrect because advancing the cane and the strong leg together may not provide adequate support for the weaker leg.
2. A nurse has just received change-of-shift report for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?
- A. A client who was just given a glass of orange juice for a low blood glucose level.
- B. A client who is scheduled for a procedure in 1 hr.
- C. A client who has 100 mL fluid remaining in his IV bag.
- D. A client who received a pain medication 30 min ago for postoperative pain.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The client with low blood glucose needs immediate assessment to ensure that the orange juice has corrected the hypoglycemia. Monitoring the effectiveness of the intervention for low blood glucose is the priority. The other options, such as a client scheduled for a procedure in 1 hour, a client with fluid remaining in the IV bag, and a client who received pain medication 30 minutes ago, do not require immediate assessment like the client with low blood glucose.
3. A client undergoing bariatric surgery is being taught about postoperative dietary changes by a nurse. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will drink carbonated beverages after surgery
- B. I will eat large meals after surgery
- C. I will avoid consuming solid foods for several weeks
- D. I will avoid taking small sips of liquids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because avoiding solid foods after bariatric surgery is crucial to prevent complications and promote healing. Choice A is incorrect as carbonated beverages can cause discomfort and should be avoided. Choice B is incorrect as large meals are not suitable after bariatric surgery. Choice D is incorrect as taking small sips of liquids is encouraged to prevent dehydration and promote recovery.
4. How should a healthcare professional assess and manage a patient with acute renal failure?
- A. Monitor urine output and administer diuretics
- B. Administer IV fluids and restrict potassium intake
- C. Monitor electrolyte levels and provide dietary education
- D. Administer potassium and restrict fluids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In acute renal failure, it is crucial to monitor urine output to assess kidney function and fluid balance. Administering diuretics helps manage fluid levels by promoting urine production. Choice B is incorrect because administering IV fluids can worsen fluid overload in renal failure patients, and restricting potassium intake is not typically the initial approach. Choice C is not the primary intervention but is important for long-term management. Choice D is incorrect as administering potassium can be dangerous in renal failure, and restricting fluids can lead to dehydration.
5. A nurse is caring for a client receiving IV fluids. Which of the following should the nurse do upon noticing phlebitis at the IV site?
- A. Apply a cold compress to the site
- B. Notify the provider immediately
- C. Remove the IV catheter and restart it in another location
- D. Monitor the site for signs of infection
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Upon noticing phlebitis at the IV site, the nurse should remove the IV catheter and restart it in another location. Phlebitis is inflammation of the vein, and leaving the IV catheter in place can lead to further complications such as infection. Applying a cold compress (Choice A) may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying issue. Notifying the provider immediately (Choice B) is important, but the immediate action to prevent complications is to remove the IV catheter. Monitoring the site for signs of infection (Choice D) is necessary, but the priority action is to remove and reinsert the IV catheter to prevent worsening of the phlebitis.
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