LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 with NGN
1. A nurse is teaching dietary guidelines to a client who has celiac disease. Which of the following food choices is appropriate for the client?
- A. White flour tortillas.
- B. Potato pancakes.
- C. Wheat crackers.
- D. Canned barley soup.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, potato pancakes. Individuals with celiac disease must avoid gluten-containing foods. Potato pancakes are gluten-free, making them a suitable choice for someone with celiac disease. Choice A, white flour tortillas, contains gluten from wheat flour, making it unsuitable for a client with celiac disease. Choice C, wheat crackers, also contain gluten and should be avoided. Choice D, canned barley soup, contains barley which is a gluten-containing grain and is not appropriate for someone with celiac disease.
2. A client who had a vaginal delivery 4 hours ago has a fourth-degree perineal laceration. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?
- A. Encourage ambulation
- B. Apply ice packs
- C. Restrict the client's fluid intake
- D. Administer stool softeners
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: Applying ice packs is the most appropriate intervention for a client with a fourth-degree perineal laceration. Ice packs help reduce swelling and promote comfort, aiding in the healing process. Choice A, encouraging ambulation, may not be suitable immediately after a fourth-degree laceration due to the need for rest and proper wound care. Choice C, restricting fluid intake, is not indicated and can lead to dehydration, which is not beneficial for wound healing. Choice D, administering stool softeners, may be necessary to prevent constipation and straining, but it is not the priority intervention at this time.
3. What are the key interventions for managing a patient with asthma?
- A. Administer bronchodilators and monitor oxygen levels
- B. Encourage deep breathing exercises
- C. Provide corticosteroids and monitor for respiratory distress
- D. Provide antihistamines and monitor blood pressure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer bronchodilators and monitor oxygen levels. Asthma management involves using bronchodilators to help open the airways and improve breathing. Monitoring oxygen levels is essential to ensure the patient is getting enough oxygen. Choice B, encouraging deep breathing exercises, can be helpful for some respiratory conditions but is not a key intervention for managing an acute asthma attack. Choice C, providing corticosteroids and monitoring for respiratory distress, is important for long-term asthma management and severe exacerbations but is not the immediate key intervention during an acute attack. Choice D, providing antihistamines and monitoring blood pressure, is not typically indicated for asthma management as asthma is primarily an airway disease, not a histamine-mediated condition.
4. How should a healthcare professional manage a patient with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- A. Administer anticoagulants and monitor for bleeding
- B. Elevate the limb and administer pain relief
- C. Restrict mobility and apply warm compress
- D. Administer IV fluids and provide bed rest
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected DVT management involves administering anticoagulants to prevent clot growth and monitoring for signs of bleeding. Elevating the limb and administering pain relief (Choice B) may help alleviate symptoms but do not address the underlying issue of preventing clot progression. Restricting mobility and applying warm compress (Choice C) could potentially dislodge the clot and worsen the condition. Administering IV fluids and providing bed rest (Choice D) are not primary interventions for managing DVT.
5. What is the first nursing action when caring for a client with a wound infection?
- A. Change the dressing every 12 hours
- B. Perform a wound culture before applying antibiotics
- C. Cleanse the wound with normal saline
- D. Apply a wet-to-dry dressing to the wound
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The first nursing action when caring for a client with a wound infection is to perform a wound culture before applying antibiotics. This step is crucial to identify the specific infecting organism and determine the most effective antibiotic therapy. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because changing the dressing, cleansing the wound, or applying a wet-to-dry dressing should only be done after obtaining the culture results and starting appropriate antibiotic treatment.
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