LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 with NGN
1. What should a healthcare provider monitor in a client with constipation?
- A. Monitor the client's bowel sounds every 4 hours
- B. Increase the client's activity to stimulate bowel movement
- C. Encourage the client to use a stool softener
- D. Encourage the client to rest in bed until constipation resolves
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the client to use a stool softener is the appropriate intervention for constipation. Stool softeners help to soften the stool, making it easier to pass and relieving constipation without straining the client. Monitoring bowel sounds (Choice A) may be relevant for other gastrointestinal issues but is not specifically indicated for constipation. Increasing activity (Choice B) can be helpful in some cases, but it is not the first-line intervention for constipation. Encouraging bed rest (Choice D) can worsen constipation by reducing mobility and promoting inactivity.
2. A client undergoing bariatric surgery is being taught about postoperative dietary changes by a nurse. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will drink carbonated beverages after surgery
- B. I will eat large meals after surgery
- C. I will avoid consuming solid foods for several weeks
- D. I will avoid taking small sips of liquids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because avoiding solid foods after bariatric surgery is crucial to prevent complications and promote healing. Choice A is incorrect as carbonated beverages can cause discomfort and should be avoided. Choice B is incorrect as large meals are not suitable after bariatric surgery. Choice D is incorrect as taking small sips of liquids is encouraged to prevent dehydration and promote recovery.
3. What should be included in dietary teaching for a client with chronic kidney disease?
- A. Increase potassium-rich foods in the diet
- B. Limit potassium and phosphorus intake
- C. Increase intake of protein-rich foods
- D. Increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to limit potassium and phosphorus intake for a client with chronic kidney disease. Excessive potassium and phosphorus can be harmful to individuals with compromised kidney function. Option A is incorrect because increasing potassium-rich foods can exacerbate hyperkalemia in individuals with kidney disease. Option C may not be ideal as excessive protein intake can put extra strain on the kidneys. Option D is not the priority; while adequate fluid intake is important, it is not the primary focus when teaching dietary considerations for chronic kidney disease.
4. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement for a client with hyperkalemia?
- A. Administer calcium gluconate
- B. Increase fluid intake to promote potassium excretion
- C. Administer a diuretic
- D. Administer sodium bicarbonate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client with hyperkalemia is to administer calcium gluconate. Calcium gluconate helps counteract the effects of hyperkalemia by stabilizing the cardiac cell membrane. Increasing fluid intake (Choice B) may not effectively lower potassium levels. Administering a diuretic (Choice C) or sodium bicarbonate (Choice D) is not the primary treatment for hyperkalemia and may not address the immediate need to lower potassium levels.
5. A nurse is assisting with performing a nonstress test for a client who is at 39 weeks of gestation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse reinforce with the client?
- A. Do not press the button during baby's movements
- B. You should depress the button when you feel your baby move
- C. Press the button only during contractions
- D. Do not eat before the test
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the client should press the button when feeling fetal movement to track the baby's activity. Choice A is incorrect because the client should press the button during movements. Choice C is incorrect as the button should be pressed during fetal movements, not contractions. Choice D is irrelevant to the instructions for the nonstress test.
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