HESI RN
HESI Practice Test Pediatrics
1. The healthcare provider is preparing to suture a 10-year-old child with a lacerated forehead. Both parents and a 12-year-old sibling are present at the child's bedside. Which instruction best supports family involvement?
- A. While waiting for the healthcare provider, only one visitor may stay with the child.
- B. All of you should leave while the healthcare provider sutures the child's forehead.
- C. It is best if the sibling goes to the waiting room until the suturing is completed.
- D. Please decide who will stay when the healthcare provider begins suturing.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Involving the family members in deciding who will stay when the healthcare provider begins suturing supports family involvement and helps reduce anxiety for the child. This approach respects the family's dynamics and preferences, promoting a supportive environment during the procedure.
2. An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reports a weak pulse of 44 beats per minute in a client. What action should the charge nurse implement?
- A. Have the UAP recheck the pulse and report back.
- B. Have a licensed practical nurse (LPN) assess the client for apical-radial pulse deficit.
- C. Call the healthcare provider for further instructions.
- D. Immediately call the healthcare provider and prepare for transfer to critical care.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct action is to have a licensed practical nurse (LPN) assess the client for an apical-radial pulse deficit. This assessment can provide further information about the client’s cardiovascular status and help determine if further intervention is necessary. Having the UAP recheck the pulse may delay appropriate assessment and intervention. Calling the healthcare provider for further instructions may not be necessary at this point unless the LPN assessment indicates a need for it. Immediately transferring the client to critical care without further assessment is not warranted based solely on the initial report of a weak pulse.
3. A client with hypertension receives a prescription for enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which instruction should the nurse include in the medication teaching plan?
- A. Increase intake of potassium-rich foods.
- B. Report increased bruising or bleeding.
- C. Stop medication if a cough develops.
- D. Limit intake of leafy green vegetables.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include in the medication teaching plan is to 'Report increased bruising or bleeding.' ACE inhibitors can cause thrombocytopenia, which lowers platelet count and increases the risk of bruising and bleeding. Choice A is incorrect because while ACE inhibitors may cause potassium levels to increase, the instruction should not be to increase intake of potassium-rich foods without healthcare provider guidance. Choice C is incorrect because a cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors due to bradykinin accumulation, and stopping the medication abruptly is not recommended without consulting the healthcare provider. Choice D is incorrect because there is no need to limit intake of leafy green vegetables specifically with ACE inhibitors; however, consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods is recommended to maintain a stable INR for clients taking anticoagulants.
4. A male healthcare provider is assigned to care for a female Muslim client. When the provider offers to bathe the client, the client requests that a female healthcare provider perform this task. How should the male healthcare provider respond?
- A. May I ask a female colleague to help you with your personal hygiene?
- B. I will ask one of the female healthcare providers to bathe you.
- C. A staff member on the next shift will help you.
- D. I will keep you draped and hand you the supplies as you need them.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most culturally sensitive response is for the male healthcare provider to ask one of the female healthcare providers to bathe the client. This approach respects the client's cultural and spiritual preferences by ensuring that their modesty and beliefs are honored during the care process. Choice A is incorrect as it puts the responsibility on the client to seek help, while the provider should take the initiative to arrange for appropriate care. Choice C is incorrect as it delays the assistance unnecessarily. Choice D, although helpful in maintaining modesty, does not address the client's request for a female healthcare provider to perform the task.
5. A healthcare provider is educating a client with DM on recognizing symptoms of hypoglycemia. Which symptom should the healthcare provider mention?
- A. Increased thirst
- B. Frequent urination
- C. Sweating
- D. Weight loss
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct symptom to mention when educating a client with diabetes mellitus (DM) on hypoglycemia is sweating. Sweating is a common symptom of hypoglycemia as it occurs due to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system in response to low blood sugar levels. Increased thirst (Choice A) and frequent urination (Choice B) are more indicative of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) rather than hypoglycemia. Weight loss (Choice D) is not a typical symptom associated with hypoglycemia.