ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Practice Questions
1. The healthcare provider is monitoring a client following cardioversion. Which observation should be of the highest priority to the healthcare provider?
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Status of airway
- C. Oxygen flow rate
- D. Level of consciousness
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The status of the airway is the highest priority following cardioversion as it ensures proper oxygenation and helps prevent complications such as airway obstruction and respiratory distress. Maintaining a patent airway is crucial for the client's respiratory function and overall well-being immediately after cardioversion. Monitoring the airway ensures that the client can breathe effectively and minimizes the risk of hypoxia and other serious respiratory issues. While blood pressure, oxygen flow rate, and level of consciousness are also important parameters to monitor, they are secondary to ensuring a clear and patent airway for adequate oxygenation.
2. An adolescent is being taught about levonorgestrel contraception by a school nurse. What information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You should take the medication within 72 hours following unprotected sexual intercourse.
- B. Do not take this medication if you are on an oral contraceptive.
- C. If you do not start your period within 5 days of taking this medication, you will need a pregnancy test.
- D. One dose of this medication will prevent pregnancy for 14 days after taking it.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Levonorgestrel is an emergency contraceptive that works by inhibiting ovulation to prevent conception. It is most effective when taken as soon as possible within 72 hours following unprotected sexual intercourse. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the adolescent to take the medication promptly to maximize its effectiveness. Choice B is incorrect because levonorgestrel can be used even if the individual is on oral contraceptives. Choice C is incorrect as the efficacy of levonorgestrel is not determined by the onset of menstruation. Choice D is incorrect because levonorgestrel is a single-dose emergency contraceptive and does not provide protection for 14 days after ingestion.
3. Which dietary advice should a healthcare provider provide to a client with acute gout?
- A. Increase intake of dairy products
- B. Limit intake of red meat and shellfish
- C. Limit intake of fresh fruits and vegetables
- D. Limit intake of fruit juices and milk
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct dietary advice for a client with acute gout is to limit the intake of red meat and shellfish. These foods are high in purines, which can lead to increased uric acid levels in the body, exacerbating gout symptoms. Dairy products, fresh fruits, and vegetables are generally recommended for individuals with gout as they can help lower uric acid levels. Fruit juices and milk, in moderation, can also be part of a gout-friendly diet as they do not significantly contribute to uric acid buildup.
4. Upon delivery of a baby's head, you see that the umbilical cord is wrapped around its neck. Initial treatment for this condition should include:
- A. Clamping and cutting the umbilical cord.
- B. Gently pulling on the cord to facilitate removal.
- C. Trying to remove the cord from around the neck.
- D. Keeping the cord moist and providing rapid transport.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When encountering a situation where the umbilical cord is wrapped around a baby's neck upon delivery, the initial treatment should involve trying to remove the cord from around the neck gently. It is crucial to handle this situation delicately to avoid causing harm to the baby. Attempting to ease the cord over the baby's head without pulling or tightening can help prevent potential complications associated with cord compression. Choice A, clamping and cutting the umbilical cord, is not recommended as it can lead to abrupt deprivation of oxygen to the baby. Choice B, gently pulling on the cord, can worsen the situation by tightening the cord around the baby's neck. Choice D, keeping the cord moist and providing rapid transport, is not the immediate concern and does not address the potential risks of cord compression during delivery. Therefore, the priority is to carefully attempt to remove the cord from around the baby's neck to ensure a safe delivery.
5. Which of the following interventions is NOT appropriate for a hospitalized adolescent?
- A. Allow the adolescent to assist with procedures when possible.
- B. Encourage them to discuss their thoughts and feelings about the hospitalization.
- C. Encourage them to remain in the room throughout the hospitalization to ensure adequate rest periods.
- D. Encourage peer visitation.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the adolescent to remain in the room throughout the hospitalization may lead to social isolation, hinder the adolescent's emotional well-being, and impede their recovery. It is essential for adolescents to have social interaction, engage in meaningful conversations, and receive support from peers to cope with the stress of hospitalization. Choices A, B, and D are appropriate interventions as they promote involvement in care, emotional expression, and social support, which are beneficial for the adolescent's overall well-being during hospitalization.
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