Nursing Elites

1. During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the Graafian follicle rupture?

• A. Regenerative
• B. Menstruation
• C. Ovulation
• D. Proliferative

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ovulation. The Graafian follicle ruptures during the ovulation phase, releasing the mature egg from the ovary. This process marks the midpoint of the menstrual cycle. Choice A, Regenerative, is incorrect as it does not correspond to a specific phase of the menstrual cycle. Choice B, Menstruation, is incorrect because menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining and occurs after ovulation if fertilization does not occur. Choice D, Proliferative, is incorrect as it refers to the phase in which the uterine lining thickens in preparation for a potential embryo implantation, which happens after ovulation.

2. What is the content of the acrosome?

• A. Lipids
• B. Hormones
• C. Digestive enzymes
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Digestive enzymes. The acrosome is a structure found in sperm cells that contains enzymes used to penetrate the egg during fertilization. Choice A (Lipids) and Choice B (Hormones) are incorrect as the primary content of the acrosome is digestive enzymes, not lipids or hormones. Choice D (None of the above) is incorrect as the acrosome does contain a specific substance, which are digestive enzymes.

3. Which one of the following statements is NOT true about menstruation?

• A. The average amount of menstrual flow is 50 to 90 ml.
• B. The menstrual flow constitutes serous fluid, necrotic slough.
• C. The cycle is influenced by the ovarian hormones Estrogen and progesterone.
• D. The menstrual flow has non-clotting blood.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The statement that menstrual flow has non-clotting blood is incorrect because menstrual blood can indeed clot. Choices A, B, and C are all true statements about menstruation. Choice A reflects the average amount of menstrual flow, choice B describes the components of menstrual flow, and choice C correctly identifies the ovarian hormones that influence the menstrual cycle.

4. Inevitable abortion is characterized by:

• A. Heavy bleeding.
• B. Open os.
• C. Severe cramping.
• D. Light bleeding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Inevitable abortion is characterized by an open os. This condition is associated with heavy bleeding. While severe cramping can be present in inevitable abortion, the key characteristic is the open os, making choice B the correct answer. Choices A and D are incorrect because they do not specifically describe the defining feature of inevitable abortion, which is the open os.

5. What is the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions from 591 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births?

• A. 0.1
• B. 0.2
• C. 0.3
• D. 0.4

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To calculate the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions, you divide the number of deaths due to unsafe abortions by the total number of maternal deaths and then multiply by 100 to get the percentage. In this case, with 591 maternal deaths and 40% estimated to be due to unsafe abortions, the calculation is (591 * 0.4) / 100, which equals 2.36. Therefore, the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions from 591 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births is 0.4 or 40%. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect percentages that do not reflect the provided information.

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