HESI RN
Reproductive Health Exam
1. What is the most common site for an ectopic pregnancy?
- A. Isthmus
- B. Ampulla
- C. Interstitial
- D. Infundibulum
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Interstitial. An ectopic pregnancy most commonly occurs in the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube. This is because the interstitial part is narrow and not suitable for the growing embryo, leading to implantation outside the uterus. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because although ectopic pregnancies can occur in various locations, the interstitial portion of the fallopian tube is the most frequent site for such pregnancies.
2. A new mother is having trouble breastfeeding her newborn son. He is making frantic rooting motions and will not grasp the nipple. What intervention would be most helpful to this mother?
- A. Ask the mother to stop feeding, comfort the infant, and then assist the mother to help the baby latch on.
- B. Use a nipple shield to help the baby latch on.
- C. Try a different breastfeeding position.
- D. Have another person help the mother with breastfeeding.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the best intervention is to ask the mother to stop feeding, comfort the infant, and then assist her in helping the baby latch on. Stopping the feeding and providing comfort can reduce the infant's frustration and create a calmer environment for successful breastfeeding. Choice B, using a nipple shield, may not address the underlying issue causing the baby's difficulty latching. Choice C, trying a different breastfeeding position, can be attempted after the baby is calm and ready to latch. Choice D, having another person help, may not be necessary if the mother can be guided effectively on latching techniques.
3. The home care nurse visits a client who has cancer. The client reports having a good appetite but experiencing nausea when smelling food cooking. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Encourage family members to cook meals outdoors and bring the cooked food inside
- B. Provide anti-nausea medication prior to meals
- C. Suggest drinking cold water with meals to reduce nausea
- D. Recommend smaller, frequent meals
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In some cases, the smell of food cooking can trigger nausea in cancer patients. Cooking food outside reduces the intensity of odors that could trigger nausea, helping the client maintain adequate nutrition. Providing anti-nausea medication (Choice B) may not address the root cause of the nausea triggered by the smell of cooking food. Suggesting cold water (Choice C) or smaller, frequent meals (Choice D) may not directly address the issue of cooking odors triggering nausea, which is specific to this client's situation.
4. A client with chronic liver disease is admitted with ascites and jaundice. Which assessment finding is most concerning?
- A. Enlarged spleen
- B. Increased abdominal girth
- C. Yellowing of the skin
- D. Confusion and altered mental status
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Confusion and altered mental status are concerning in a client with chronic liver disease, as they may indicate hepatic encephalopathy, a serious complication that requires immediate intervention. Enlarged spleen (choice A) can be a common finding in liver disease due to portal hypertension but may not be as acute as hepatic encephalopathy. Increased abdominal girth (choice B) is typically seen in ascites, which is already present in this client. Yellowing of the skin (choice C) is a manifestation of jaundice, also a known symptom in liver disease but not as acute as confusion and altered mental status.
5. What percentage of the offspring of the parents is predicted to have a cleft chin?
- A. 25%
- B. 50%
- C. 0%
- D. 75%
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When one parent carries the recessive gene for a cleft chin and the other does not, there is a 25% chance of the offspring inheriting the cleft chin. This is due to the fact that the trait follows a simple Mendelian inheritance pattern, where the offspring would need to inherit the recessive gene from both parents to express the trait. Therefore, 25% of the offspring are predicted to have a cleft chin. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the likelihood of inheriting a cleft chin in this specific scenario is 25%, not 50%, 0%, or 75%.