Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following foods are major sources of starch?

• A. Fruits
• B. Meats
• C. Legumes
• D. Milk

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Legumes. Legumes, such as beans and lentils, are major sources of starch, providing complex carbohydrates. Fruits (choice A) mainly provide sugars rather than starch. Meats (choice B) and milk (choice D) are not significant sources of starch as they mainly provide protein and fats, respectively. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

2. The process of photosynthesis is responsible for the synthesis of:

• A. carbohydrates.
• B. proteins.
• C. fats.
• D. vitamins.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: carbohydrates. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy, usually from the sun, into chemical energy stored in glucose (a type of carbohydrate). This glucose is used by the organisms for energy production and as a building block for other organic compounds. Choice B, proteins, is incorrect because proteins are synthesized through a different process involving amino acids. Choice C, fats, are not directly synthesized through photosynthesis; they are typically formed from excess carbohydrates. Choice D, vitamins, are organic compounds that are required in small amounts for various physiological functions but are not directly synthesized through photosynthesis.

3. Proteins from plant sources such as grains, nuts, and legumes are classified as:

• A. incomplete.
• B. complete.
• C. indispensable.
• D. dispensable.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'incomplete.' Proteins from plant sources like grains, nuts, and legumes are considered incomplete because they often lack one or more essential amino acids required by the body. Choice B, 'complete,' is incorrect because complete proteins contain all essential amino acids in adequate amounts. Choice C, 'indispensable,' is incorrect as it refers to essential amino acids rather than the classification of plant proteins. Choice D, 'dispensable,' is also incorrect as it implies that these proteins are not necessary, which is not the case.

4. Which term describes the amino acids that are synthesized by the body?

• A. essential amino acids.
• B. nonessential amino acids.
• C. complete amino acids.
• D. incomplete amino acids.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: nonessential amino acids. Nonessential amino acids can be synthesized by the body, so they do not need to be obtained through the diet. Essential amino acids, choice A, must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot produce them. Choices C and D, complete and incomplete amino acids respectively, do not accurately describe the classification of amino acids based on synthesis by the body.

5. A protein that contains all the essential amino acids in the proper proportions is called:

• A. simple
• B. indispensable
• C. complete
• D. complementary

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A complete protein is the term used to describe a protein that contains all the essential amino acids required by the body in the right proportions. This makes choice C the correct answer. Choice A, 'simple,' is incorrect as it does not reflect the concept of essential amino acids. Choice B, 'indispensable,' while related to importance, does not specifically address the presence of all essential amino acids. Choice D, 'complementary,' is also incorrect as it refers to combining proteins to achieve a complete amino acid profile, rather than describing a protein that already contains all essential amino acids.

Similar Questions