Nursing Elites

1. A food choice equivalent to one serving from the Grains group of MyPlate is:

• A. one slice of bread
• B. 2 cups of rice
• C. 3 cups of spaghetti
• D. 4 oz of ready-to-eat cereal

Correct answer: A

Rationale: One slice of bread is a standard serving from the Grains group in MyPlate. This choice aligns with the recommended portion size for grains. Choices B, C, and D are excessive portions that do not represent a single serving according to MyPlate guidelines. 2 cups of rice, 3 cups of spaghetti, and 4 oz of ready-to-eat cereal exceed the standard serving size for grains and would provide more than one serving from this food group.

2. What are the compounds in soy foods with estrogen-like activity examples of?

• A. Indispensable amino acids.
• B. Phytochemicals.
• C. Neurotransmitters.
• D. Metabolic by-products.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Phytochemicals. Phytochemicals in soy foods can mimic estrogen and may have health benefits. Indispensable amino acids are essential amino acids that the body cannot produce on its own. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the nervous system. Metabolic by-products are substances produced during metabolism.

3. What is the recommended dietary intake of protein for adults?

• A. 0.5 g/kg.
• B. 0.8 g/kg.
• C. 1.0 g/kg.
• D. 1.5 g/kg.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The recommended dietary intake of protein for adults is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight. This amount is considered adequate for most healthy adults. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the generally recommended protein intake for adults.

4. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning group foods that are equivalent in their:

• A. weight.
• B. serving size.
• C. micronutrient content.
• D. macronutrient content.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Exchange Lists for Meal Planning categorize foods based on their macronutrient content, such as carbohydrate, protein, and fat. These lists help individuals make food choices while ensuring similar amounts of macronutrients are consumed. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Exchange Lists focus on macronutrient content, not weight, serving size, or micronutrient content.

5. Mucus is produced by the salivary glands and the:

• A. intestinal glands.
• B. esophageal glands.
• C. pineal gland.
• D. islets of Langerhans.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Mucus is produced by the salivary glands to moisten food and aid in swallowing. Additionally, the intestinal glands secrete mucus to protect the lining of the intestines. The other choices, esophageal glands, pineal gland, and islets of Langerhans, are not involved in the production of mucus in the digestive system.

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