Nursing Elites

1. During a home visit, the nurse observes that an elderly client has numerous bruises on her arms and appears fearful of her caregiver. What should the nurse do first?

• A. report the findings to adult protective services
• B. ask the client how she got the bruises
• C. document the observations in the client's medical record
• D. discuss the observations with the caregiver

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The initial step for the nurse should be to ask the client how she got the bruises. This approach allows the nurse to directly assess the situation, gather information from the client, and potentially uncover signs of abuse. Reporting to adult protective services should come after obtaining more details from the client to ensure appropriate action. Documenting the observations is important but should follow gathering information from the client. Discussing the observations with the caregiver may not be appropriate as the caregiver could be the source of abuse, and involving them first may jeopardize the client's safety.

2. Prior to implementing a community health program targeting teenage smoking, which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

• A. greater access to any healthcare provider
• B. allowance for early discharge
• C. Prevalence and patterns of smoking among teenagers
• D. approval by the network healthcare provider

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most important information for the nurse to obtain before implementing a community health program targeting teenage smoking is the prevalence and patterns of smoking among teenagers. Understanding this data is crucial to tailor the program to the specific needs and behaviors of the target group, ensuring it addresses the root causes effectively. Choices A, B, and D are unrelated to the specific needs of the target group and do not provide essential information for designing an effective smoking cessation program for teenagers.

3. A community health nurse is planning a program to address the rising rates of obesity in the community. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

• A. organizing community exercise programs
• B. distributing educational materials on healthy eating
• C. partnering with local grocery stores to provide discounts on healthy foods
• D. conducting health screenings for early detection of obesity-related conditions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: organizing community exercise programs. Physical activity plays a crucial role in weight management and reducing obesity rates. While educating about healthy eating (choice B) is important, focusing on exercise programs can have a more direct impact on addressing obesity. Partnering with local grocery stores for discounts on healthy foods (choice C) is beneficial but may not address the root cause of obesity. Conducting health screenings (choice D) is more reactive than proactive in addressing rising obesity rates.

4. The community health nurse is planning a series of educational courses about the healthcare system and meeting healthcare needs for the community center. Which adjunct issue should the nurse address for a group of older adults?

• A. peer concerns
• B. adult daycare
• C. retirement issues
• D. vocational concerns

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Retirement often brings specific healthcare needs and concerns that are crucial to address for older adults. While peer concerns and adult daycare could be important aspects to consider, retirement issues are more directly related to the unique healthcare needs and challenges faced by older adults. Vocational concerns are typically more relevant to individuals who are still actively engaged in the workforce, rather than retired older adults.

5. A client with hyperthyroidism is receiving radioactive iodine therapy. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. I should avoid close contact with pregnant women and children for a few days.
• B. I may experience dry mouth and taste changes for a few days.
• C. I may experience some neck swelling.
• D. I should expect to have no side effects.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D.' The client stating 'I should expect to have no side effects' indicates a need for further teaching as it is incorrect. With radioactive iodine therapy, side effects like dry mouth, taste changes, and neck swelling are common. Choices A and B are correct statements; the client should avoid close contact with pregnant women and children due to radiation exposure, and dry mouth and taste changes are common side effects. Choice C is also correct, making D the correct answer.

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